Topical anti-microbial compositions

专利摘要:
Described herein are topical compositions for treating microbial infections on the skin or scalp, including polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione and a source of metal ions. Also described are methods for treating microbial infections of the skin or scalp using such compositions.
公开号:KR20020057808A
申请号:KR1020017016617
申请日:2000-06-23
公开日:2002-07-12
发明作者:거빈데이비드프랜시스；마체타안토니레이몬드；넬슨존대니얼；폴슨조지；슈바르츠제임스로버트；털리패트리샤에일린
申请人:아크 캐미컬스 인크；데이비드 엠 모이어；더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Topical anti-microbial compositions
[2] Various antidandruff compositions are commercially available or known in the field of shampoos. These compositions typically comprise a detergent surfactant and particulate crystalline antimicrobial agents dispersed and suspended throughout the composition. Antimicrobial agents used for this purpose include polyvalent metal salts of sulfur, selenium sulfide and pyridinethione. During the shampooing process, these antimicrobial agents are deposited on the scalp to provide antidandruff activity. Soluble antidandruff agents such as ketoconazole are also known in the art.
[3] Nevertheless, consumers want anti-dandruff shampoos that provide excellent antidandruff activity.
[4] Also known as pyrithione (1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione; 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide; 2-pyridinethione; 2-mercaptopyridine-N-oxide; pyridinethione; and pyridinethione-N-oxide Polyvalent metal salts are known to be effective bactericidal agents and are widely used as fungicides and bactericides in paints and metalworking solutions. Multivalent metal salts of pyrithione are also used as fungicides and bactericides in body care compositions such as foot powders and antidandruff shampoos. Polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione are rarely water soluble, including magnesium pyrithione, barium pyrithione, bismuth pyrithione, strontium pyrithione, copper pyrithione, zinc pyrithione, cadmium pyrithione, and zirconium pyrithione.
[5] Copper pyrithione and zinc pyrithione are particularly useful as antimicrobial agents in body care compositions. Zinc pyrithione is known as an antidandruff component in shampoos. Methods for the synthesis of polyvalent pyrithione salts are described in US Pat. No. 2,809,971 to Berstein et al. Other patent documents that describe similar compounds and methods for their preparation are described in US Pat. No. 2,786,847; 3,589,999; 3,589,999; 3,590,035 and 3,773,770.
[6] Although pyrithione fungicides have proven useful for a wide range of applications, the usefulness of these compounds is limited to suppressing selected fungal and bacterial species and strains. In addition, although higher concentrations of pyrithione salts have been observed to inhibit the growth of a wide range of organisms, such useful amounts of pyrithione polyvalent metal salts that can be added to commercial products are considered in terms of efficacy, economics and environmental considerations. Limited. In body care compositions such as shampoos, the amount of pyrithione salt that can be added is further limited in toxicological terms.
[7] In general, the use of antimicrobial agents in antidandruff shampoos is also known in the art. However, although polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione have been reported as antimicrobial and / or antidandruff agents, the overall efficacy is still quite low. Therefore, consumers want a shampoo that provides superior antidandruff efficacy compared to currently available products. Such excellent efficacy can be difficult to achieve.
[8] For example, it was previously believed that antidandruff efficacy could be achieved by "solubilizing" zinc pyrithione complexes in potent chelating agents. One approach described in EP 077,630 (Dixon) was to “solubilize” zinc pyrithione to a strong chelating agent in the presence of a divalent copper cation. However, the "solubilization" process described in European Patent Application No. 630 actually destroys the chemical structure of the zinc pyrithione complex. The resulting composition comprises a chelating agent / zinc complex in a solution with free pyrithione ions. Such free pyrithione ions are soluble in the composition. The '630 patent application states that this approach results in a clean product that is physically stable and provides antidandruff benefits.
[9] Unfortunately, the internal anxiety of this approach is known that excess soluble free pyrithione ions are toxic to humans, and the use of such compositions leaves the current Federal Drug Administration major paper on zinc pyrithione, The composition is not commercially available as a product for body protection.
[10] Metal ions, such as copper salts, are also taught in the art to provide efficacy in antimicrobial applications. Copper compounds such as copper sulfate and cuprous oxide have been widely used as fungicides, antifouling agents and algae agents in a wide range of products, including paints, pool water and wood products. Similarly, inorganic salts of zinc, such as zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc oxide, have been used as bacterial growth inhibitory and / or fungal growth inhibitory compounds in a wide range of products, including paints, coatings, and preservatives. However, copper and zinc salts do not have a high level of bactericidal efficacy that may be desired for many antidandruff and skin care products.
[11] Surprisingly, according to the present invention, the use of polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, such as zinc pyrithione, in combination with metal ion sources such as copper and zinc salts, can significantly increase the antidandruff efficacy in topical compositions. It was revealed by the present invention. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-dandruff topical composition exhibiting improved efficacy. With this improved efficacy, by reducing the level of metal pyrithione in the antimicrobial composition, it is possible to promote the production of safer products containing antimicrobial actives.
[12] It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition for topical skin and / or hair that provides excellent antidandruff efficacy. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for cleaning hair and / or skin. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for treating an athlete's foot. These and other objects will be readily apparent from the following detailed description.
[13] Summary of the Invention
[14] The present invention comprises a) about 0.001 to about 10 weight percent of antimicrobial active agent selected from the group consisting of polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, based on the weight of the composition; b) about 0.001 to about 10 weight percent of a metal ion source selected from the group consisting of zinc salts, copper salts, silver salts, nickel salts, cadmium salts, mercury salts, bismuth salts and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of the composition; And c) a topical carrier to the metal salt, wherein the weight ratio of the metal source to the antimicrobial active agent is from about 5: 100 to about 5: 1 and at least 50% of the antimicrobial active agent is present. Insoluble in the composition), to inhibit or prevent the growth of microorganisms on the skin or scalp.
[15] The present invention further relates to a method for providing antidandruff efficacy, comprising applying to the hair and the scalp an amount of the above-mentioned composition effective to provide antidandruff efficacy.
[16] Detailed description of the invention
[17] The topical antidandruff compositions of the present invention may comprise, consist of, or consist essentially of these essential and limiting elements of the invention described herein.
[18] In particular, these compositions include antimicrobial agents, metal ion sources and topical carriers. When antimicrobial microparticles are introduced into the carrier, the antimicrobial microparticles are incorporated into the carrier in the form of a dispersant, suspending agent or emulsion in the composition. At this time, the metal ion source enhances the bactericidal effect of the antimicrobial particles.
[19] All percentages, parts and ratios are based on the total weight of the shampoo composition of the present invention, unless stated otherwise. All weights as used to enumerate the ingredients are based on activity levels and therefore do not include carriers or by-products that may be included in commercial materials.
[20] The components of the topical antimicrobial compositions of the present invention, including those which may optionally be added, as well as methods for their preparation and use, are described in more detail below.
[21] A. Antimicrobial Agents
[22] Topical antimicrobial compositions of the invention comprise about 0.001 to about 10% antimicrobial agent. Preferably, the composition comprises about 0.01 to about 5%, more preferably about 0.1 to about 2% antimicrobial agent.
[23] The antimicrobial agent may be selected from polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione and mixtures thereof. Any form of multivalent metal pyritic temperature may be used, including small plate and needle structures. Preferred salts for use herein include polyvalent metals magnesium, barium, bismuth, strontium, copper, zinc, cadmium, zirconium and mixtures thereof, more preferably those formed from zinc. Even more preferred for use herein is the zinc salt of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione (also known as “zinc pyrithione” or “ZPT”), most preferably no more than about 20 micron average particle size, preferably Preferably ZPT in the form of small plate particles of less than or equal to about 5 microns, most preferably less than or equal to about 2.5 microns.
[24] Pyridinethione antimicrobial and antidandruff agents are described, eg, in US Pat. No. 2,809,971; US Patent No. 3,236,733; US Patent No. 3,753,196; US Patent No. 3,761,418; US Patent No. 4,345,080; US Patent No. 4,323,683; US Patent No. 4,379,753; And US Pat. No. 4,470,982, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[25] When ZPT is used as antimicrobial microparticles in the antimicrobial compositions herein, hair growth or regrowth can be stimulated or regulated or both, hair loss can be reduced or inhibited, or hair thicker It is further contemplated that they may be built or appear richer.
[26] Zinc pyrithione is selected from the group consisting of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinthion (ie, pyrithione acid) or a soluble salt thereof, as illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 2,809,971, incorporated herein by reference. ) To form zinc pyrithione precipitates.
[27] At least 50% of the polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione; Preferably at least 75%; More preferably at least 99.9%, even more preferably at least 99.99%, more preferably 100% remain insoluble in the composition.
[28] Preferably, less than 50%, more preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 15%, more preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, even more preferred of the polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione. Preferably less than 1%, more preferably 0% dissociates to free pyrithione ions in the composition. As used herein, “free pyrithione ion” means a soluble pyrithione ion that is not associated with a polyvalent metal ion.
[29] Preferably, the composition comprises a polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione to a strong chelating agent having a ratio of 5 to 1 or more. Strong chelating agents include compounds such as di- or polyamines such as ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA), tetraethylene triamine (TET), ethylene diamine (EDA) and Diethylene triamine (DETA) or salts thereof. These chelating agents, when used as preservatives or metal stabilizers, may be present in relatively small amounts, i.e., less than 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably less than 0.1% based on the weight of the composition. . Preferably, the composition does not contain strong chelating agents.
[30] B. Sources of Metal Ions
[31] Topical antimicrobial compositions of the invention comprise from about 0.001 to about 10% of a metal ion source. Preferably, the compositions of the present invention comprise about 0.01 to about 5%, more preferably about 0.1 to about 2%, of metal ion sources.
[32] The metal ion source may be selected from zinc, copper, silver, nickel, cadmium, mercury and bismuth. Preferably, the metal ion is selected from zinc salts, copper salts, silver salts and mixtures thereof. More preferably, said metal ions are selected from zinc salts, copper salts and mixtures thereof.
[33] Examples of zinc salts that may be used in the compositions of the present invention include zinc acetate, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, zinc hydroxide, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc citrate, zinc fluoride, zinc iodide, zinc lactate, zinc oleate, zinc oxal Latex, zinc phosphate, zinc propionate, zinc salicylate, zinc selenate, zinc silicate, zinc stearate, zinc sulfide, zinc tannate, zinc tartrate, zinc valerate, zinc gluconate, zinc undecylate, etc. There is this. Combinations of zinc salts may be used in the compositions of the present invention.
[34] Examples of suitable copper salts include copper disodium citrate, copper triethanolamine, copper carbonate, ammonium copper, copper hydroxide, copper chloride, cuprous chloride, copper ethylenediamine complex, copper oxychloride, copper oxychloride sulfate, cuprous oxide, copper Thiocyanate, and the like. Combinations of these copper salts may be used in the compositions of the present invention. Various forms of silver may be used. Examples of useful silver species include colloidal silver, silver salts and silver complexes such as silver bromide, silver chloride, silver citrate, silver iodide, silver lactate, silver nitrate, silver oxide, silver peakate and the like.
[35] Combinations of metal salts may also be used in the compositions of the present invention.
[36] Such metal ion sources have a ratio of pyrithione to the polyvalent metal salt in the composition of about 5: 100 to about 5: 1, preferably about 2:10 to about 3: 1, more preferably about 1: 2. To 2: 1.
[37] C. Topical Carriers
[38] Topical antimicrobial compositions of the invention include a topical carrier. Such topical carriers can be selected from a wide variety of traditional body care carriers, depending on the type of composition to be formed. Suitable choices of miscible carriers include, but are not limited to, daily skin or hair products such as skin lotions or hair cleansers; It may be prepared in the form of daily hair care products such as hair lotions, hair sprays, hair tonics, conditioning treatments and dressings, or the composition may be prepared for hair and / or scalp shampoos, body cleansers, hand cleansers, water It is contemplated that it may be prepared in the form of a hand sanitizer / cleaner or the like that uses less.
[39] Topical carriers in liquid hair or skin compositions may be water, conventional organic solvents, or mixtures thereof. Suitable common organic solvents are C ₂ -C ₃ lower monohydric or polyhydric alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, glycerin, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide.
[40] In liquid cleansing compositions, such as shampoos, the carrier may comprise a detersive surfactant that provides cleansing performance to the composition. Such surfactants must be physically and chemically miscible with the essential ingredients described herein or not excessively impair product stability, aesthetics or performance. Examples of detersive surfactants useful herein are discussed below.
[41] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention is an aqueous system comprising from about 40 to about 92%, preferably from about 50 to about 85%, more preferably from about 60 to about 80% water, based on the weight of such composition. Can be.
[42] If the composition of the present invention is an antidandruff shampoo, the pH range of such compositions is generally about 2 to about 10, preferably about 3 to about 9, more preferably about 4 to about 8, most preferably About 5.5 to about 7.5.
[43] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention may be in the form of a solid powder for application to the skin. Such powder may comprise a solid cosmetic carrier. The solid cosmetic carrier is talc, which is a hydrated magnesium silicate, generally used in the form of particles having a size of less than 40 μm; Mica, an aluminosilicate composition, present in the form of scales from 2 to 200 μm; Modified or unmodified starch, in particular rice starch; Silica; Alumina; Boron nitride; Kaolin, which is a hydrated aluminum silicate; Zinc oxide and zirconium oxide; Precipitated calcium carbonate; Magnesium carbonate or magnesium hydrogencarbonate; Metallic soaps derived from carboxyl organic acids having 8 to 22 carbon atoms such as zinc, magnesium or lithium stearate, organic laurate, magnesium myristate and the like; Synthetic polymer (or copolymer) powders selected from polyethylene and its derivatives such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene and the like; Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters or polyamides, such as nylon powder; And powder in the form of hollow microspheres made from a thermoplastic synthetic material, the hollow portion of which contains a gas.
[44] 1. Detergent surfactant
[45] Topical carrier components of the present invention may include anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and combinations thereof. Detergent surfactants provide antimicrobial shampoo compositions with cleansing performance. Any surfactant known in the art may be used for use in hair or body care products, provided these surfactants are chemically and physically compatible with the essential ingredients of the composition, or they may not have product performance, aesthetics or stability. Do not overly damage it. The concentration of the surfactant in the shampoo composition may vary depending on the desired cleansing or ladder performance, the particular surfactant selected, the desired product concentration, the presence of other components in the composition, and other factors well known in the art. have.
[46] a) anionic surfactant
[47] Anionic surfactants suitable for use herein include anionic detersive surfactants and zwitterionic or amphoteric detersive surfactants, or mixtures thereof, with residues that are anionic at the pH of the composition. Anionic detersive surfactants are preferred. Such surfactants must be physically and chemically compatible with the essential ingredients described herein and must not excessively compromise product stability, aesthetics or performance.
[48] Examples of suitable anionic detersive surfactant components for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein include compositions known for use in hair protection or other body protection cleansing compositions. The concentration of the anionic surfactant component in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired cleansing and ladder performance, which is generally about 5 to about 50%, preferably about 8 to 8, based on the weight of the composition. About 30%, more preferably about 10 to about 25%, even more preferably about 12 to about 22%.
[49] Preferred anionic surfactants suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein are alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates. These materials are each of the formulas ROSO ₃ M and RO (C ₂ H ₄ O) _x SO ₃ M, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is an integer value from 1 to 10, M has a cation such as ammonium alkanolamine, such as triethanolamine, monovalent metals such as sodium and potassium, and polyvalent metal cations such as magnesium and calcium. The solubility of such surfactants will depend on the particular anionic detersive surfactant and cation selected.
[50] Preferably, R is from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms, even more preferably from about 12 to about 14 carbon atoms, for both alkyl and alkyl ether sulfate Have a ruler. Alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation products of monohydric alcohols having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms with ethylene oxide. The alcohol may be synthetic or derived from fats such as coconut oil, palm oil, tallow. Preferred are straight chain alcohols and lauryl alcohols derived from coconut oil or palm oil. This alcohol is reacted with a ratio of about 0 to about 10, preferably about 2 to about 5, more preferably about 3 moles of ethylene oxide, thereby having an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol produced, for example. The mixture of molecular species is sulfated and then neutralized.
[51] Specific non-limiting examples of alkyl ether sulfates that can be used in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include the sodium and ammonium salts of coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, and tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate. have. Highly preferred alkyl ether sulfates comprise a mixture of each compound, wherein the compound in the mixture has an average alkyl chain length of about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of about 1 to about 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
[52] Specific examples of preferred alkyl sulfates include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate , Diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, and mixtures thereof. Ammonium lauryl sulfate is particularly preferred.
[53] Specific examples of preferred alkyl ether sulfates include ammonium laureate sulfate, potassium laureate sulfate, sodium laureate sulfate, monoethanolamine laureate sulfate, diethanolamine laureate sulfate, triethanolamine laureate sulfate, triethylamine laureate sulfate, And mixtures thereof. Ammonium laureth sulfate is particularly preferred.
[54] Another class of sulfate surfactants suitable for use in the antidandruff and conditioning shampoo embodiments of the present invention are sulfated glycerides, examples of which include sodium lauric monoglyceride sulfate.
[55] Other suitable anionic detersive surfactants are formulas [R ¹ -SO ₃ -M] wherein R ¹ is a straight or branched chain saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms. M is a cation as described above). Non-limiting examples of such detersive surfactants include organics of methane-based hydrocarbons, including iso-, neo- and n-paraffins, having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Salts of sulfuric acid reaction products, and sulfonates (eg SO ₃ , H ₂ SO ₄ ) obtained according to known sulfonation methods including bleaching and hydrolysis. Alkali metal and ammonium sulfonated C ₁₀ to C ₁₈ n-paraffins are preferred.
[56] Other suitable anionic detersive surfactants include, for example, reaction products of fatty acids neutralized with sodium hydroxide and esterified with isethioninic acid when the fatty acid is derived from coconut oil or palm oil; The fatty acid is, for example, the sodium or potassium salt of the fatty acid amide of methyl tauide derived from coconut oil or palm oil. Other suitable anionic surfactants are described in US Pat. No. 2,486,921; US Patent No. 2,486,922; And US Pat. No. 2,396,278, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[57] Other anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions are succinates, examples of which include disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; Disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; Diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; Tetrasodium N- (1,2-dicarboxyethyl) -N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; Diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; Dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; And dioctyl esters of sodium sulfosuccinic acid.
[58] Other suitable anionic detersive surfactants include olefin sulfonates of about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms. In this context, the term “olefin sulfonate” refers to a condition in which an alpha-olefin is sulfonated through uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, and then any sulfone formed in the reaction is hydrolyzed to yield the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonate. Below, it refers to compounds which can be prepared by neutralizing the acid reaction mixture. The sulfur trioxide may be in liquid or gaseous phase, although conventionally but not necessarily, inert diluents, for example, when used in liquid form, diluted with liquid SO ₂ , chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. or used in gaseous form. , Nitrogen, gaseous SO _{2 or the} like. The alpha-olefins leading to the olefin sulfonate are mono-olefins of about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms. Preferably they are straight chain olefins. In addition to the true alkene sulfonates and a proportion of hydroxy-alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates may contain other traces depending on the reaction conditions, the proportion of reactants, the type of starting olefins, and the impurities in the olefin stock and by-products during the sulfonation process. Materials such as alkene sulfonates. Non-limiting examples of such alpha-olefin sulfonate mixtures are described in US Pat. No. 3,332,880, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[59] Another class of anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in such antimicrobial compositions is beta-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These surfactants conform to the following formula:
[60]
[61] In the above formula,
[62] R ¹ is a straight alkyl group of about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms,
[63] R ² is a low / lower alkyl group of about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, preferably 1,
[64] M is a water soluble cation as described above.
[65] Other sulfonates suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are anionic detergents known as alkyl aryl sulfonates. Non-limiting examples of alkyl aryl sulfonates include sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and mixtures thereof.
[66] Also suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention are anionic detersive surfactants known as sarcosinates and sarcosine derivatives. Sarcosinates are derivatives of sarcosine and N-methyl glycine, acylated with fatty acid chlorides. These correspond to formula II:
[67]
[68] In the above formula,
[69] RCO- is a fatty acid radical,
[70] X is hydrogen (acid form) or a cationic species such as Na ⁺ or TEA ⁺ (salt form).
[71] Non-limiting examples of sarcosinates and sarcosine derivatives include sodium lauryl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine and mixtures thereof. Preferred sarcosinate is sodium lauryl sarcosinate.
[72] Preferred anionic detersive surfactants for use in the antimicrobial compositions include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laurate sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laurate sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laurate sulfate , Monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureate sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laurate sulfate, lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laurate sulfate, potassium lauryl Sulfate, potassium laurate sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauro Work Pate, Potassium Cocoyl Sulfate, Potassium Lauryl Sulfate, Triethanolamine Lauryl Sulfate, Triethanolamine Lauryl Sulfate, Monoethanolamine Cocoyl Sulfate, Monoethanolamine Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Tridecyl Benzene Sulfonate, Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfo Nates and combinations thereof.
[73] b) nonionic surfactants
[74] Suitable nonionic surfactants for use in the compositions of the present invention are condensation products of aliphatic primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols or phenols with alkylene oxides, typically ethylene oxide, having generally 6 to 30 ethylene oxide groups. It may include. Other suitable nonionic materials include mono- or di-alkyl alkanolamides. Examples thereof are coco mono- or di-ethanolamide and coco mono-isopropanolamide.
[75] c) amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants
[76] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo compositions herein include those known for use in hair protection or other body protection cleansing. The concentration of such amphoteric detersive surfactant is preferably in the range of about 0.5 to about 20%, more preferably about 1 to about 10%, based on the weight of the composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, including US Pat. No. 5,104,646 (Bolich Jr. et al.) And US Pat. No. 5,106,609 (Bolich Jr. etal.) ).
[77] Amphoteric detersive surfactants suitable for use in such shampoo compositions are well known in the art, in which the aliphatic radicals may be straight or branched and one of the aliphatic substituents contains about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and the other Surfactants broadly described are included as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, one containing anionic water-soluble groups such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. Preferred amphoteric detersive surfactants for use in the present invention include coco ampoacetate, coco ampodiacetate, lauro ampoacetate, lauro ampo diacetate, and mixtures thereof.
[78] Commercially available amphoteric surfactants include the trade name MIRANOL C2M CONC. N.P., MIRANOL C2M CONC. O.P., MIRANOL C2M SF, MIRANOL CM SPECIAL (Miranol, Inc.); ALKATERIC 2CIB [Alkaril Chemicals]; AMPHOTERGE W-2 (Lonza, Inc.); MONATERIC CDX-38, MONATERIC CSH-32 (Mona Industries); REWOTERIC AM-2C [Rewo Chemical Group]; And those sold under SCHERCOTERIC MS-2 (Scher Chemicals).
[79] Zwitterionic detersive surfactants suitable for use herein include aliphatic radicals that may be straight or branched, one of the aliphatic substituents containing about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and the other being anionic groups, such as Surfactants broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and sulfonium compounds containing carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate are included. Preferred zwitterionic detersive surfactant is betaine.
[80] d) cationic surfactants
[81] Suitable cationic detersive surfactants for use herein include surfactants containing quaternary nitrogen molecules. Examples of suitable cationic surfactants are those corresponding to the formula XVIII:
[82]
[83] In the above formula,
[84] R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ are selected from C ₁ to C ₂₂ aliphatic groups, or aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl groups of up to about 22 carbon atoms. Independently selected, preferably C ₁ to C ₂₂ alkyl;
[85] X is selected from salt forming anions such as halogens (eg chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate and alkylsulfate radicals.
[86] The aliphatic group may contain ether linkages and other groups, for example amino groups, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. More long chain (eg, C ₁₂ or more) aliphatic groups may be saturated or unsaturated.
[87] Preferred cationic detergent surfactants are those containing two alkyl long chains and two alkyl short chains, or one containing an alkyl long chain and three alkyl short chains. Such alkyl long chains are preferably C ₁₂ to C ₂₂ , more preferably C ₁₆ to C ₂₂ . The alkyl short chain is preferably C ₁ to C ₃ , more preferably C ₁ or C ₂ .
[88] Nonionic detersive surfactants suitable for use herein include, but are not limited to, compounds produced by condensation reactions of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic properties) with organic hydrophobic compounds, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic properties. It is not.
[89] Non-limiting examples of other anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic and cationic detergent surfactants suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, (1989), published by MC Pub. Co., and US Pat. No. 2,438,091; US Patent No. 2,528,378; US Patent No. 2,658,072; US Patent No. 3,155,591; US Patent No. 3,929,678; US Patent No. 3,959,461; US Patent No. 4,387,090; US Patent No. 5,104,646; US Patent No. 5,106,609; And US Pat. No. 5,837,661 (these are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety).
[90] 2. Volatile Carriers
[91] When the hair styling polymer described below is included in the antimicrobial composition of the present invention, especially the hair styling shampoo embodiment, it is particularly preferable to include a volatile carrier solubilizing the hair styling polymer. Such carriers help the hair styling polymer to be dispersed as water insoluble fluid particles throughout the composition, wherein the dispersed particles include the styling polymer and a volatile carrier. Suitable carriers for this purpose include hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, amines, alkyl alcohols, volatile silicone derivatives and combinations thereof, many examples of which are well known in the art.
[92] Such volatile carriers must be water insoluble or have low water solubility. However, the selected styling polymer must also be sufficiently soluble in the selected carrier to allow the hair styling polymer and solvent combination to be dispersed as a separate dispersed fluid phase in the styling shampoo composition. The carrier used must also be volatile. In this context, the term volatility means that the carrier has a boiling point (at about 1 atmosphere) of less than about 300 ° C., preferably from about 90 to about 260 ° C., more preferably from about 100 to about 200 ° C.
[93] The concentration of volatile carrier in the composition should be sufficient to solubilize the hair styling polymer and disperse it as a separate fluid phase in the shampoo composition. Such concentrations generally range from about 0.10 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.5 to about 8%, most preferably from about 1 to about 6%, based on the weight of the shampoo composition, wherein The weight ratio of the carrier is preferably about 10:90 to about 70:30, more preferably about 20:80 to about 65:35, even more preferably about 30:70 to about 60:40. If the weight ratio of styling polymer to carrier is too low, the ladder performance of the shampoo composition will be negatively affected. If the ratio of polymer to solvent is too high, the composition becomes too viscous, making it difficult to disperse the styling polymer. The hair styling formulations should have an average particle diameter in the final shampoo product of about 0.05 to about 100 microns, preferably about 1 to about 25 microns, more preferably about 0.5 to about 10 microns. Particle size can be measured according to methods known in the art, including, for example, light microscopy.
[94] Preferred volatile carriers for use in the shampoo composition are hydrocarbon solvents, in particular branched hydrocarbon solvents. Such hydrocarbon solvents may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about 16 carbon atoms. As with branched hydrocarbons, saturated hydrocarbons are preferred. Non-limiting examples of some suitable linear hydrocarbons are decane, dodecane, decene, tridecene and combinations thereof. Examples of suitable side chain hydrocarbons include isoparaffins, examples of which are isoparaffins such as Isopar H and K (C ₁₁ -C ₁₂ isoparaffins) commercially available from Exxon Chemical Company. ) And asopar L (C ₁₁ -C ₁₃ isoparaffin). Preferred side chain hydrocarbons are isohexadecane, isododecane, 2,5-dimethyl decane, isotetradecane and combinations thereof. Commercially available side chain hydrocarbons include Permethyl 99A and 101A (Source: Preperse, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ).
[95] Other suitable volatile carriers are isopropanol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, phenyl ethanol, benzyl alcohol, phenyl propanol, ethyl butyrate, isopropyl butyrate, diethyl phthalate, diethyl malonate, diethyl succinate, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate Nate, phenyl ethyl dimethyl carbonol, ethyl-6-acetoxyhexanoate and methyl (2-pentanyl-3-oxy) cyclopentylacetate, and mixtures thereof. Preferred among other suitable solvents are diethyl phthalate, diethyl malonate, diethyl succinate, dimethyl malonate, dimethyl succinate, phenylethyl dimethyl carbinol, ethyl-6-acetoxyhexanoate and mixtures thereof.
[96] Suitable ether carriers are di (C ₅ -C ₇ ) alkyl ethers and diethers, in particular di (C ₅ -C ₆ ) alkyl ethers such as isoamyl ether, dipentyl ether and dihexyl ether.
[97] Volatile carriers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein include volatile silicon derivatives such as cyclic or linear polydialkylsiloxanes, linear siloxy compounds or silanes. The number of silicon atoms in the cyclic silicon is preferably about 3 to about 7, more preferably about 3 to about 5.
[98] The general formula for this silicon is:
[99]
[100] In the above formula,
[101] R ₁ and R ₂ are independently selected from C ₁ to C ₈ alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl,
[102] n is 3 to 7;
[103] Linear polyorgano siloxanes have about 2 to 7 silicon atoms and represent the following formula:
[104]
[105] In the above formula,
[106] R ₁ to R ₈ may independently be saturated or unsaturated C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkyl, amino alkyl or alkyl siloxy.
[107] Linear siloxy compounds represent the following formula:
[108]
[109] In the above formula,
[110] R ₁ to R ₆ are independently selected from saturated or unsaturated C ₁ -C ₇ alkyl, aryl and alkyl aryl,
[111] R ₇ is C ₁ to C ₄ alkylene.
[112] The silane compound represents the following formula:
[113]
[114] In the above formula,
[115] R ₁ to R ₄ may be independently selected from C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, hydroxyalkyl and alkylsiloxy.
[116] Silicones of both of these types, cyclic and linear, are Dow Corning Corporation, Dow Corning 344, 345 and 200 fluids, Union Carbide, Silicon 7202 and Silicon 7158, and Staffer Chemicals ), Provided by SWS-03314.
[117] Linear volatile silicones generally have a viscosity of less than about 5 centistokes at 25 ° C., while cyclic materials have a viscosity of less than about 10 centistokes. Examples of volatile silicones are described in Todd and Byers, "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91, January, 1976, pp. 27-32, and Silicon Compounds, pages 253-295, distributed by Petrarch Chemicals.
[118] 3. Selected Stability Active Agent
[119] In a styling shampoo embodiment of the invention comprising a hair styling polymer and a volatile carrier, it may be desirable for the composition to contain a selected stable active agent. The crystalline hydroxyl-containing stabilizer thus selected is used to form a crystalline stabilizing backbone in the emulsion that prevents the styling polymer / volatile carrier droplets from coalescing and prevents the shampoo from phase separating. In addition, significantly lower levels of crystalline hydroxyl-containing stabilizers can be used compared to traditional stability activators. This not only enhanced the deposition efficacy of the hair styling polymer onto the hair, but also reduced interaction with other shampoo components.
[120] Suitable stabilizers for use in the shampoo composition are characterized by the following formula:
[121]
[122] In the above formula,
[123] (x + a) is 11 to 17,
[124] (y + b) is 11 to 17,
[125] (z + c) is 11 to 17,
[126] Preferably, x, y and z are 10 and a, b and c are 5.
[127] The crystalline hydroxyl containing stabilizer is included in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.5%, preferably about 0.05 to about 0.25%, based on the weight of the composition. Preferred stabilizers for use in the styling shampoo embodiments of the antimicrobial compositions herein are "THIXCIN R." from Reox, Inc. (Rheox, Inc., New Jersey, USA). Trihydroxystearin commercially available under the trade name.
[128] Random ingredient
[129] A. Other Antimicrobial Actives
[130] In addition to the antimicrobial active agent selected from the polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, the compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more antifungal or antimicrobial active agents in addition to the metal pyrithione salt active agent. Suitable antimicrobial actives include coal tar, sulfur, whitfield ointment, castellani paint, aluminum chloride, gentian violet, octopyrrox, compound undecylenic acid, potassium permanganate, selenium sulfide, Sodium thiosulfate, propylene glycol, bitter orange oil, urea preparations, griseofulvin, 8-hydroxyquinoline siloquinol, thiobendazole, thiocarbamate, haloprogin, polyene, hydroxypyridone, morpholine, benzyl Amines, allylamines such as terbinafine and azoles. Preferred antimicrobial agents include itraconazole, ketoconazole, selenium sulfide and coal tar.
[131] Azole
[132] The azole antimicrobial agents include imidazoles such as vironazole, butaconazole nitrate, klimbazole, clotrimazole, croconazole, everconazole, econazole, penticonazole, flutiazole, isocona Sol, itraconazole, ketoconazole, ranoconazole, myconazole, neticonazole, omoconazole, oxyconazole nitrate, sertaconazole, sulconazole nitrate, thioconazole, and trizole, for example ter Conazole. If an azole antimicrobial active agent is present in the composition, it is based on the weight of the composition, in an amount of about 0.01 to about 5%, preferably about 0.1 to about 3%, more preferably about 0.3 to about 2% It is included. Especially preferred herein is ketoconazole.
[133] 2. Selenium sulfide
[134] Selenium sulfide is a particulate antidandruff agent suitable for use in the antimicrobial composition of the present invention, and its effective concentration is from about 0.1 to about 4% by weight, preferably from about 0.3 to about 2.5% by weight, more preferably from about 0.5 to About 1.5% by weight. Selenium sulfide is generally regarded as a compound having 1 mole of selenium and 2 moles of sulfur, but it may also be a cyclic structure, where x + y is 8, conforming to the formula Se _x S _y . The average particle diameter for selenium sulfide is typically less than 15 μm, preferably 10 μm as measured by a front laser light scattering device (eg Malvern 3600 instrument). Selenium sulfide compounds are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,694,668; US Patent No. 3,152,046; US Patent No. 4,089,945; And US Pat. No. 4,885,107, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[135] 3. Sulfur
[136] Sulfur may also be used as particulate antimicrobial / antidandruff in the antimicrobial composition of the present invention. The effective concentration of such particulate sulfur is typically about 1 to about 4%, preferably about 2 to about 4%, based on the weight of the composition.
[137] B. Suspending or Thickening Agents
[138] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention, in some embodiments, comprises from about 0.1 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.3 to about 5%, more preferably, suitable for application to hair or skin, based on the weight of the composition. May comprise about 0.3 to about 2.5%. Such suspending agents are considered to suspend the water insoluble dispersed material in the antimicrobial composition. Such suspending agents must be physically and chemically compatible with the essential ingredients of the composition and must not excessively impair product stability, aesthetics or performance. Examples of suspending agents that can be suitably employed in the antimicrobial compositions herein include, but are not limited to, acyl derivatives, long chain amine oxides, xanthan gum and mixtures thereof. These and other suitable suspending agents are described in further detail below.
[139] Crystalline suspending agents are preferred for suspending particulate antimicrobial agents in the antimicrobial composition. Suspending agents selected at such selected concentrations should assist in maintaining the suspension at ambient temperature for at least 1 month, preferably at least 3 months, more preferably at least about 24 months. In general, the effective concentration of the crystalline suspending agent is from about 0.5 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.5 to about 5%, more preferably from about 1 to about 4%, based on the weight of the antimicrobial composition. And most preferably in the range of about 1 to about 3%.
[140] In general, the concentration of crystalline suspending agent should be minimized to achieve only the desired properties.
[141] Preferred crystalline suspending agents are those that can be solubilized in acyl derivatives and amine oxides, in particular acyl derivatives, in particular in premixed solutions and then recrystallized upon cooling. These materials are long-chain (eg C ₈ -C ₂₂ , preferably C ₁₄ -C ₂₂ , more preferably C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ ) aliphatic groups, ie long chain acyl derivative materials and long chain amine oxides as well as mixtures of these materials It includes. This includes ethylene glycol long chain esters, alkanol amides of long chain fatty acids, long chain esters of long chain fatty acids, glyceryl long chain esters, long chain esters of long chain alkanolamides and long chain alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, and combinations thereof.
[142] Crystalline suspending agents are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,741,855, which is incorporated herein by reference.
[143] Suspending agents suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein preferably include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids having from about 14 to about 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from 16 to 22 carbon atoms. Ethylene glycol stearate (mono and distearate) is more preferred, but distearate containing less than about 7% mono stearate is particularly preferred. Other suspending agents are preferably alkanol amides of fatty acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, more preferably from about 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Preferred alkanol amides are steric monoethanolamide, steric diethanolamide, steric monoisopropanolamide and steric monoethanolamide stearate. Other long chain acyl derivatives include long chain esters of long chain fatty acids (eg stearyl stearate, cetyl palmitate); Glyceryl esters such as glyceryl distearate and long chain esters of long chain alkanol amides such as stearamide diethanolamide distearate, stearamide monoethanolamide stearate. In addition to the preferred materials listed above, ethylene glycol esters of long chain carboxylic acids, long chain amine oxides, and alkanol amides of long chain carboxylic acids can be used as suspending agents.
[144] Suspending agents also include long chain amine oxides such as alkyl (C ₁₆ -C ₂₂ ) dimethyl amine oxides such as stearyl dimethyl amine oxide.
[145] Other long chain acyl derivatives that can be used include N, N-dihydrocarbyl (C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ , preferably C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ ) amido benzoic acid and soluble salts thereof (such as Na and K salts), in particular the above classes N, N-di (C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ , and hydrogenated tallow) amido benzoic acid species, which are Stepan Company; Commercially available from Northfield, Illinois, USA].
[146] The crystalline suspending agent can be incorporated into the antimicrobial compositions herein by solubilizing it into a solution containing anionic sulfate surfactant and water at a temperature above the melting point of such suspending agent. The suspending agent is then recrystallized, typically by cooling the solution to a temperature sufficient to induce crystallization of the solution.
[147] Other suspending agents suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions that can be used include polymeric thickeners, such as carboxyvinyl polymers, examples of which are described in US Pat. No. 2,798,053 and US Pat. No. 4,686,254, which are incorporated herein in their entirety. Incorporated by reference). Examples of suitable carboxyvinyl polymers include Carbopol ^R 934, -940, -941, -956, -980, -981, -1342 and -1382 (both of which are BF Goodrich Company). Is commercially available from.
[148] Other suitable suspending agents include those that impart gel-like viscosity to the composition, such as cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl Water soluble or colloidal water soluble polymers such as guar gum, starch and starch derivatives, and other thickeners, viscosity modifiers, gelling agents, xanthan gum and combinations thereof. Preferred viscosity modifiers useful as suspending agents include trihydroxystearins such as THIXIN R ™; Commercially available from Rheox Company.
[149] Other suitable suspending agents are described in US Pat. Nos. 4,788,006 and 4,704,272, which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[150] C. Cationic Deposition Polymers
[151] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention may, in some embodiments, comprise an organic cationic polymer for use as a deposition aid. Such deposition aids are particularly useful in antimicrobial compositions that also contain styling polymers as described below. When included in the composition of the present invention, the concentration of the cationic polymer is from about 0.025 to about 3%, preferably from about 0.05 to about 0.5%, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.25, based on the weight of the composition % Range.
[152] Examples of cationic polymers suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are cationic nitrogen containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic quantized amino moieties. Such cationic protonated amines may be primary, secondary or tertiary amines (preferably secondary or tertiary), depending on the particular species and the selected pH of the composition. The average molecular weight of the cationic polymer is about 10 million to about 5,000, preferably about 100,000 or more, more preferably about 200,000 or more, but about 2 million or less, more preferably about 1.5 million or less. The polymer may also be about 0.2 at the end use pH of the composition (in the case of a shampoo composition, such pH will generally range from about pH 3 to about pH 9, preferably from about pH 4 to about pH 7). meq / gm to about 7 meq / gm, preferably about 0.4 meq / gm to about 5 meq / gm, more preferably about 0.6 meq / gm to about 2 meq / gm.
[153] Any anionic reverse temperature can be used in conjunction with the cationic polymer, provided that such polymers must maintain solubility on water, coacervate of the composition or shampoo composition, provided that the reverse ion is physically compatible with the essential components of the composition. It must not be chemically miscible or excessively impair product stability, appearance or performance. Non-limiting examples of such counterions include halides (eg chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine), sulfates and methylsulfate.
[154] Cationic nitrogen-containing moieties of the cationic polymer generally exist as substituents on all (or more typically, some) monomer units thereof. Accordingly, cationic polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include homopolymers, aerials of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units, optionally in combination with non-cationic monomers referred to herein as spacer monomers. Coalesce, trimer and the like. Non-limiting examples of such polymers are described in the following documents incorporated herein by reference: CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.) , Washington, DC (1982).
[155] Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers include vinyl monomers having cationic protonated amines or quaternary ammonium functional groups, and water-soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl. Copolymers with methacrylamide, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl caprolactone or vinyl pyrrolidone. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C ₁ to C ₇ alkyl groups, more preferably C ₁ to C ₃ alkyl groups. Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohols (prepared by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol.
[156] Suitable cationic quantized amino and quaternary ammonium monomers for encapsulation into the cationic polymer of the antimicrobial compositions herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylates, monoalkylaminoalkyl meta Acrylates, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salts, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salts, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salts, and cyclic cationic nitrogen containing rings (e.g., pyridinium, imidazolium and quaternized pi) Vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers), such as alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl portion of these monomers is preferably lower alkyl such as C ₁ , C ₂ or C ₃ alkyl.
[157] Amine-substituted vinyl monomers suitable for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates, dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamides, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamides, wherein the alkyl groups Is preferably C ₁ -C ₇ hydrocarbyl, more preferably C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl.
[158] Other cationic polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein include copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salts such as chloride salts [cosmetics, cosmetics And industrially referred to as Polyquaternium-16 by the Perfume Association ("CTFA"), for example, under the trade name LUVIQUAT [e.g. LUVIQUAT FC 370] [BASF Wyandotte Corp. ); Commercially available from Parsippany, New Jersey, USA; Copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, referred to industrially as polyquaternium-11 by CTFA, for example the trade name GAFQUAT [e.g. GAFQUAT 755N] Supplier [ISP Corporation; Commercially available from Bain, New Jersey, USA; Cationic di, including, for example, dimethyldialkylammonium chloride homopolymers and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, each referred to industrially as polyquaternium 6 and polyquaternium 7 by CTFA. Allyl quaternary ammonium containing polymer; And inorganic acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids with 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in US Pat. No. 4,009,256, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[159] Other cationic polymers suitable for use in such antimicrobial compositions include polysaccharide polymers such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives. Suitable cationic polysaccharide polymers include those conforming to the formula:
[160]
[161] In the above formula,
[162] A is an anhydroglucose residue group such as starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residue;
[163] R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene or hydroxyalkylene group, or a combination thereof;
[164] R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are independently alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms and a carbon source for each cationic moiety The total number of atoms (sum of carbon atoms in R ¹ , R ² and R ³ ) is preferably about 20 or less;
[165] X is an anionic counterion as described above.
[166] Preferred cationic cellulose polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxides, referred to as industrial (CTFA) polyquaternium 10, Amerchol Corp. (New Jersey, USA) Edison material), a polymer commercially available as JR and LR series polymers. Another type of preferred cationic cellulose includes polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to as industrial (CTFA) polyquaternium 24. These materials are commercially available under the tradename Polymer LM-200 from Amerkol Corporation (Edison, NJ).
[167] Other suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, specific examples of which are commercially available jargon from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated. (Jaguar) series. Preferred cationic guar gum derivatives are Jaguar ^R C 13S and Jaguar ^R C 17 (both commercially available from Rhodia Company). Other suitable cationic polymers include quaternary nitrogen containing cellulose ethers, some examples of which are described in US Pat. No. 3,962,418, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Other suitable cationic polymers include copolymers of etherified cellulose, guar and starch, some examples of which are described in US Pat. No. 3,958,581, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[168] Other cationic polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are copolymers of cationic protonated amines or vinyl monomers with quaternary ammonium functional groups, reacted with water soluble monomers. Non-limiting examples of such monomers include acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylates, alkyl methacrylates, vinyl caprolactone, vinyl pyrrolidone and their There is a mixture. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C ₁ to C ₇ alkyl groups, more preferably C ₁ to C ₃ alkyl groups. Other suitable monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohols (prepared by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and mixtures thereof.
[169] Suitable cationic quantized amino and quaternary ammonium monomers for inclusion in the cationic polymers of the antimicrobial compositions herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylates, monoalkylaminoalkyl meta Acrylates, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salts, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salts, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and cyclic cationic nitrogen containing rings (e.g., pyridinium, imidazolium and quaternized pi) Vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers), such as alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium and alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl portion of these monomers is preferably lower alkyl, eg C ₁ to C ₃ alkyl.
[170] Amine-substituted vinyl monomers suitable for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylates and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylates, wherein the alkyl group is preferably C ₁ to C ₇ hydrocarbyl, more preferably C ₁ to C ₃ alkyl.
[171] Other cationic polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention include copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salts such as chloride salts. CTFA) known as polyquaternium 16] [e.g., trade names Luviquat ^R FC 370; Commercially available from BASF Wynn Dot Corporation; Copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate [known as industrial (CTFA) polyquaternium 11] [ex. Trade name Gafquat ^R 755N; Commercially available from ISP Corporation; Cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium containing polymers known in the industry (CTFA) polyquaternium 6, including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer; Copolymers of acrylamide with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, known in the art (CTFA) polyquaternium 7; And inorganic acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated C ₃ to C ₅ carboxylic acids, as described in US Pat. No. 4,009,256, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
[172] Other cationic polymers for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention include cationic modified proteins such as lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl collagen [eg, Croquat ^R L; Commercially available from Croda Corp.] or cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed hair keratin (eg Croquat ^R HH; commercially available from Croda Corp.). Other cationic polymers include from the reaction of dichloroethyl ether with adipic acid and dimethylaminopropylamine, known as industrial (CTFA) polyquaternium 2 (such as Mirapol ^R AD-1; commercially available from Rhodia). Polymeric quaternary salts prepared; And polymeric quaternary salts prepared from the reaction of dimethylaminopropylether with azelaic acid, known as industry (CTFA) polyquaternium 18 (such as Mirapol ^R AZ-1; commercially available from Rhodia Corporation).
[173] Other cationic polymers suitable for use herein are the Arquad ^R series of quaternary ammonium salts, commercially available from Akzo Nobel. Other cationic polymers preferred for use herein include the polymer KG30M (polyquaternium 10 and quaternized cellulose), Incroquat ^R behenyl trimonium methosulfate (cetearyl alcohol and behentrimonium methosulfate) [from Croda Commercially available; Merquat ^R 5 (quaternary ammonium resin) [commercially available from Calgon]; Gafquat ^R Series 440 (cationic quaternized copolymer) [commercially available from ISP]; Akypoquat ^R 131 (commercially available from Kao); Salcare ^R SC 60 (quaternary ammonium resin) or Salcare ^R SC95 or SC96 (cationic liquid dispersion thickener) (all commercially available from Ciba); And Meadowquat ^R HG (PEG-2-dimedopoamido-ethylmonium methosulfate), commercially available from Fanning.
[174] The cationic polymers herein are soluble in the antimicrobial composition or are preferably soluble on the composite coacervates of the compositions formed by the aforementioned anionic detersive surfactant component and cationic polymer component. Composite coacervates of the cationic polymers may be formed using other charged materials in the antimicrobial composition.
[175] Coacervate formation can be achieved by various criteria such as molecular weight, component concentration, and ratio of interacting ionic components, ionic strength (including, for example, modification of ionic strength by addition of salt), cationic and anionic components. Depends on the charge density, pH and temperature. Coacervate systems and the effects of these parameters are described, for example, in J. Caelles et al., “Anionic and Cationic Compounds in Mixed Systems,” Cosmetics & Toiletries, Vol. 106, April 1991, pp. 49-54, CJ van Oss, "Coacervation, Complex-Coacervation and Flocculation", J. Dispersion Science and Technology, Vol. 9 (5,6), 1988-89, pp 561-573, and DJ Burgess, "Practical Analysis of Complex Coacervate Systems", J. of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 140, No. 1, November 1990, pp 227-238; These full texts are incorporated herein by reference.
[176] D. Styling Polymer
[177] Certain embodiments of the antimicrobial composition of the present invention may comprise a water insoluble hair styling polymer. When present, the concentration of such styling polymers ranges from about 0.1 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.3 to about 7%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 5% by weight of the composition. These styling polymers are particularly useful in the styling shampoo embodiments of the present invention because they provide polymeric deposits on the hair after they are applied from the shampoo composition. The polymer deposited on the hair has adhesive and cohesive strength, as is well recognized by those skilled in the art, and delivers styling by primarily forming a weld between the hair fibers upon drying.
[178] Many such polymers are known, including water insoluble organic polymers and water insoluble silicone-grafted polymers, all of which are suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein, provided that they have the essential aspects or features described below and that the present invention It must be miscible with the essential ingredients of. Such polymers can be prepared by conventional or other known polymerization techniques well known in the art, examples of which are free radical polymerization reactions.
[179] Examples of organic and silicone grafted polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are described in more detail below.
[180] 1. Organic Styling Polymer
[181] Hair styling polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include organic hair styling polymers well known in the art. Such organic styling polymers may be homopolymers, copolymers, terpolymers or higher order polymers, but they may contain one or more polymerizable hydrophobic monomers that render the resulting styling polymers hydrophobic and water insoluble as defined herein. Must include Thus, the styling polymer may further comprise other water soluble hydrophilic monomers, provided that the resulting styling polymer must exhibit hydrophobicity and water insolubility.
[182] As used herein, the term "hydrophobic monomer" refers to a polymerizable organic monomer capable of forming a water-insoluble homopolymer with the monomer, and the term "hydrophilic monomer" is capable of forming a water soluble homopolymer with the monomer. It refers to a polymerizable organic monomer.
[183] The organic styling polymer has a weight average molecular weight of at least about 20,000, preferably at least about 25,000, more preferably at least about 30,000 and most preferably at least about 35,000. There is no upper limit to the molecular weight, except for practical reasons, for example, limiting the applicability of the present invention in terms of processing, aesthetics, compounding capacity and the like. Generally, the weight average molecular weight will be less than about 10,000,000, more generally less than about 5,000,000, typically less than about 2,000,000. Preferably, the weight average molecular weight will be about 20,000 to about 2,000,000, more preferably about 30,000 to about 1,000,000, most preferably about 40,000 to about 500,000.
[184] The organic styling polymer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) or crystalline melting point (Tm) preferably of at least about −20 ° C., preferably from about 20 to about 80 ° C., more preferably from about 20 to about 60 ° C. Styling polymers with these Tg or Tm values form styling films on hair that are not too sticky or viscous to touch. As used herein, the abbreviation “Tg” refers to the glass transition temperature of the polymer backbone, and the abbreviation “Tm” refers to the crystalline melting point of the backbone, as long as the transition is present in a given polymer. Preferably, both Tg and Tm are within the ranges mentioned above, where they are present.
[185] Organic styling polymers are carbon chains, cellulose chains or other carbohydrate-derived polymeric chains derived from the polymerization of hydrophobic monomers such as ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The backbone may include ether groups, ester groups, amide groups, urethanes, combinations thereof, and the like.
[186] The organic styling polymer can include one or more hydrophilic monomers in combination with the hydrophobic monomers described herein, provided that the resulting styling polymer must exhibit hydrophobic properties and water insolubility. Suitable hydrophilic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, methacrylamide, Nt-butyl acrylamide, maleic acid, maleic anhydride And half esters thereof, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, acrylate alcohols, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, maleimide, vinyl Pyridine, vinyl imidazole, other polar vinyl heterocycles, styrene sulfonate, allyl alcohol, vinyl alcohol (e.g., prepared by hydrolysis of vinyl acetate after polymerization), salts of all of the acids and amines listed above, and mixtures thereof Include, but are not limited to. Preferred hydrophilic monomers include acrylic acid, N, N-dimethyl acrylamide, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, quaternized dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate, vinyl pyrrolidone, salts of the acids and amines listed above, and combinations thereof. have.
[187] Hydrophobic monomers suitable for use in the organic styling polymers include methanol, ethanol, methoxy ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3 -Pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 1-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl- 1-pentanol, t-butanol (2-methyl-2-propanol), cyclohexanol, neodecanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, 3-heptanol, benzyl alcohol, 2-octanol, 6-methyl -1-heptanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexanol, 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexanol, 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol, 1 Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid of C ₁ -C ₁₈ alcohols such as hexadecanol, 1-octadecanol, such alcohols having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, preferably from about 1 to about 12 carbon atoms Esters of; Styrene; Polystyrene macromers; Vinyl acetate; Vinyl chloride; Vinylidene chloride; Vinyl propionate; Alpha-methylstyrene; t-butyl styrene; butadiene; Cyclohexadiene; Ethylene; Propylene; Vinyl toluene; And mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto. Preferred hydrophobic monomers include n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, t-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate and mixtures thereof And, more preferably t-butyl acrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof.
[188] If present, the styling polymer for use in the antimicrobial composition preferably contains about 20 to 100% by weight of hydrophobic monomer, more preferably about 50 to about 100% by weight, even more preferably about 60 to about 100 By weight, and may further comprise 0 to about 80% by weight of hydrophilic monomer. The selection and combination of specific monomers for incorporation into the styling polymer will help determine their formulation properties. For example, by appropriately selecting and combining hydrophilic monomers and hydrophobic monomers, the styling polymer can be optimized for physical and chemical miscibility with other components of the antimicrobial composition.
[189] Examples of preferred organic styling polymers include t-butyl acrylate /, wherein the weight / weight ratio of the monomers is about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer; T-butyl acrylate / 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate having a weight / weight ratio of monomers of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50 Copolymers; T-butyl methacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl acrylate having a weight / weight ratio of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50 Copolymers; T-butyl methacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl methacryl having a weight / weight ratio of monomers of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50 Latex copolymers; T-butyl ethacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl methacryl having a weight / weight ratio of monomers of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50 Latex copolymers; Vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers having a weight / weight ratio of monomers of about 10/90, and about 5/95; And mixtures thereof.
[190] Particularly preferred polymers have t-butyl acrylate / 2-ethyl having a weight / weight ratio of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50. Hexyl methacrylate copolymer; T-butyl methacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl methacryl having a weight / weight ratio of monomers of about 95/5, about 90/10, about 80/20, about 70/30, about 60/40, and about 50/50 Latex copolymers; And mixtures thereof.
[191] Examples of other suitable styling polymers are described in US Pat. No. 5,120,531 to Wells et al., Issued June 9, 1992; US Patent No. 5,120,532 (Wells et al., Issued June 9, 1992); U.S. Patent 5,104,642 (Wells et al., Issued April 14, 1992); US Pat. No. 4,272,511 (Papantoniou et al., Issued June 9, 1981); US Patent No. 5,672, 576 to Behrens et al., Issued September 30, 1997; And US Pat. No. 4,196,190 (Gehman et al., Issued April 1, 1980), which are incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[192] 2. Silicone-grafted Styling Polymer
[193] Other styling polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention are silicone-grafted hair styling resins. These polymers can be used alone or in combination with the organic styling polymers described above. Many such polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions herein are known in the art. These polymers are characterized by polysiloxane moieties covalently bound to and pendant from the polymeric carbon-based backbone.
[194] The backbone of the silicone-grafted polymer is preferably a carbon chain derived from the polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, but it can also be a cellulose chain or other carbohydrate-derived polymeric chain on which polysiloxane residues are pendant. The backbone may also include ether groups, ester groups, amide groups, urethane groups and the like. Polysiloxane moieties may be substituted on the polymer or prepared by copolymerization of polysiloxane containing polymerizable monomers such as ethylenically unsaturated monomers, ethers and / or epoxides with non-polysiloxane containing polymerizable monomers.
[195] Silicone-grafted styling polymers for use in such antimicrobial compositions include "silicone containing" (or "polysiloxane containing") monomers that form a silicone macromer pendant from the backbone, and non-silicone forming organic backbones of the polymer. Monomers.
[196] Preferred silicone-grafted polymers are organic backbones, preferably carbon backbones derived from ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as vinyl polymeric backbones, and polysiloxane macromers (particularly preferably polydialkyl grafted to such backbones) Siloxanes, most preferably polydimethylsiloxanes). Such polysiloxane macromers should have a weight average molecular weight of at least about 500, preferably from about 1,000 to about 100,000, more preferably from about 2,000 to about 50,000, most preferably from about 5,000 to about 20,000. Considered organic backbones include polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers (including vinyl monomers), and other condensation monomers (such as those polymerized to form polyamides and polyesters), ring-opening monomers (such as ethyl oxazoline and caprolactone) And those derived from the like. Also considered are main chains based on cellulosic chains, ether containing main chains and the like.
[197] Preferred silicone-grafted polymers for use in such antimicrobial compositions are derived from one phase of free radically polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer (s) and one or more free radically polymerizable polysiloxane containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer (s). Monomeric units.
[198] Silicone-grafted polymers suitable for use in such antimicrobial compositions generally comprise from about 1 to about 50 weight percent of polysiloxane containing monomer units and from about 50 to about 99 weight percent of non-polysiloxane containing monomers. Non-polysiloxane containing monomer units can be derived from the hydrophilic and / or hydrophobic monomer units described above.
[199] Thus, styling polymers for use in such antimicrobial compositions include, but are not limited to, combinations of hydrophobic and / or polysiloxane containing monomer units described herein, with or without a hydrophilic comonomer as described herein. The styling polymer should have the essential features as described herein.
[200] Suitable polymerizable polysiloxane containing monomers include, but are not limited to, monomers conforming to the following formula:
[201] X (Y) _n Si (R) _3-m Z _m
[202] In the above formula,
[203] X is an ethylenically unsaturated group copolymerizable with the hydrophobic monomers described herein, such as a vinyl group;
[204] Y is a divalent linking group;
[205] R is hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl (eg C ₁ -C ₄ ), aryl, alkaryl, alkoxy or alkylamine;
[206] Z is a monovalent siloxane polymeric moiety having a number average molecular weight of at least about 500, which is not necessarily reactive under copolymerization conditions and is pendant from the above-mentioned vinyl polymeric backbone;
[207] n is 0 or 1;
[208] m is an integer of 1-3.
[209] These polymerizable polysiloxane containing monomers have a weight average molecular weight as mentioned above.
[210] Preferred polysiloxane containing monomers conform to the following formula:
[211]
[212] In the above formula,
[213] m is 1, 2 or 3 (preferably m is 1);
[214] p is 0 or 1;
[215] q is an integer from 2 to 6;
[216] R ¹ is hydrogen, hydroxyl, lower alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, aryl or alkaryl (preferably R ¹ is alkyl);
[217] X is a chemical formula
[218] [Wherein R ² is hydrogen or —COOH (preferably R ² is hydrogen); R ³ is hydrogen, methyl or CH ₂ COOH (preferably R ³ is methyl);
[219] Z is [Wherein R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are independently lower alkyl, alkoxy, alkylamino, aryl, arylalkyl, hydrogen or hydroxyl (preferably R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are alkyl ); r is an integer of at least about 5, preferably from about 10 to about 1500 (most preferably r is from about 100 to about 250).
[220] Most preferably, R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ are methyl, p is 0 and q is 3.
[221] Another preferred polysiloxane monomer conforms to any of the following formulas:
[222]
[223] or
[224]
[225] In the above formula,
[226] s is an integer from 0 to about 6, preferably 0, 1 or 2, more preferably 0 or 1;
[227] m is an integer from 1 to 3, preferably 1;
[228] R ² is C ₁ -C ₁₀ alkyl or C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl, preferably C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl or C ₇ -C ₁₀ alkylaryl, more preferably C ₁ -C ₂ alkyl;
[229] n is an integer 0-4, Preferably it is 0 or 1, More preferably, it is 0.
[230] Silicone-grafted styling polymers suitable for use in such antimicrobial compositions preferably contain from about 50 to about 99 weight percent of non-silicone macromer containing monomer units, such as polymers of the total hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomer units described herein. , More preferably from about 60 to about 98 weight percent, most preferably from about 75 to about 95 weight percent, and from about 1 to about silicone macromer containing monomer units, such as polysiloxane containing monomer units described herein. 50 weight percent, preferably about 2 to about 40 weight percent, more preferably about 5 to about 25 weight percent. The level of hydrophilic monomer unit may be about 0 to about 70%, preferably about 0 to about 50%, more preferably about 0 to about 30%, most preferably about 0 to about 15%; The level of hydrophobic monomer unit may be from 30 to about 99%, preferably from about 50 to about 98%, more preferably from about 70 to about 95%, most preferably from about 85 to about 95%.
[231] Examples of some silicone grafted polymers suitable for use in such antimicrobial compositions are listed below. Following each polymer listed, its monomer composition is shown as parts by weight of the monomers in which the synthesis was used:
[232] t-butylacrylate / t-butyl-methacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl-methacrylate / PDMS macromer (i)-20,000 molecular weight macromer 31/27/32/10
[233] t-Butylmethacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl-methacrylate / PDMS macromer (ii)-15,000 molecular weight macromer 75/10/15
[234] t-Butyl methacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate / PDMS macromer (iii)-10,000 molecular weight macromer 65/15/20
[235] t-butylacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate / PDMS macromer (iv)-14,000 molecular weight macromer 77/11/12
[236] t-butylacrylate / 2-ethylhexyl-methacrylate / PDMS macromer (v)-13,000 molecular weight macromer 81/9/10.
[237] Examples of other silicone grafted polymers suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are disclosed as EPO application 90307528.1 (published as EPO application 0 408 311 A2 on January 11, 1991; Hayama et al.); US Patent No. 5,061,481, issued October 29, 1991; Suzuki et al .; US Patent No. 5,106,609 to Bolich et al., Issued April 21, 1992; US Patent No. 5,100,658 (Bolich et al., Issued March 31, 1992); U.S. Patent 5,100,657 (Ansher-Jackson et al., Issued March 31, 1992); US Patent No. 5,104,646 (Bolich et al., Issued April 14, 1992); US patent application Ser. No. 07 / 758,319 to Bolich et al., Filed Aug. 27, 1991; And US Patent Application Ser. No. 07 / 758,320, issued to Aug. 27, 1991, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[238] E. Cationic Diffusers
[239] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention may further comprise selected cationic materials that act as diffusion agents. Diffusion agents for use in the compositions are selected quaternary ammonium or quantized amino compounds, which are defined in more detail below. These selected diffusing agents are useful for enhancing the shape of the styling polymer deposits on the hair, thus improving styling performance due to more efficient adhesion between the hair fibers. The concentration of the selected diffusing agent in the composition ranges from about 0.05 to about 5%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 2%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 1.5%, based on the weight of the antimicrobial composition. .
[240] The selected diffusing agent is a quaternary ammonium or amino compound having 2, 3 or 4N-radicals, unsubstituted or substituted with a hydrocarbon chain of about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, and the substituents include alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido Nonionic hydrophilic residues selected from among hydroxyalkyl, alkylester residues, and mixtures thereof. Suitable hydrophilic-containing radicals include, for example, ethoxy, propoxy, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, ethyl amido, propyl amido, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, methyl ester, ethyl ester And compounds having nonionic hydrophilic moieties selected from the group consisting of propyl esters, or mixtures thereof. The selected diffusing agent is cationic and must be positively charged at the pH of the shampoo composition. Generally, the pH of the shampoo composition will be less than about 10, typically from about 3 to about 9, preferably from about 4 to about 8.
[241] Selected cationic diffusing agents for use in the composition include compounds corresponding to the formula:
[242]
[243] In the above formula,
[244] R ₁ and R ₂ are independently saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched hydrocarbon chains of about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably about 18 to about 22 carbon atoms, and these hydrocarbon chains are alkoxy, polyoxyalkyl May contain one or more hydrophilic moieties selected from lens, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, alkylesters, and mixtures thereof;
[245] R ₃ and R ₄ are independently hydrogen; Saturated or unsaturated substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched hydrocarbon chains having about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms; Or a hydrocarbon having from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms containing one or more aromatic, ester, ether, amido, amino residues present in the chain as substituents or linkages, such hydrocarbon chains are alkoxy, polyoxyalkylenes, alkylamines May also contain one or more hydrophilic moieties selected from hydroxyalkyl, alkylesters, and mixtures thereof;
[246] X is preferably a soluble salt which forms an anion selected from halogen (particularly chlorine), acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfonate and alkylsulfate radicals.
[247] Examples of selected diffusing agents for use in the compositions include compounds corresponding to the formula:
[248]
[249] In the above formula,
[250] n is 10 to 28, preferably 16,
[251] X is a soluble salt that forms an anion (eg Cl, sulfate, etc.).
[252] Other examples of selected cationic diffusing agents for use in the compositions include compounds corresponding to the formula:
[253]
[254] In the above formula,
[255] Z ₁ and Z ₂ are independently saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched hydrocarbons, preferably Z ₁ is alkyl, more preferably methyl and Z ₂ is short-chain hydroxyalkyl, preferably hydroxy Hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl;
[256] n and m are independently integers 1 to 4, preferably 2 or 3, more preferably 2;
[257] R 'and R "are independently substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbons, preferably C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ alkyl or alkenyl;
[258] X is a soluble salt that forms an anion (eg Cl, sulfate, etc.).
[259] Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic diffusing agents include ditallowdimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallowdimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di- (hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, diecosyl Dimethyl ammonium chloride, didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di- (hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium acetate, dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropyl ammonium sulfate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate, di- (coconutalkyl) dimethyl ammonium Chloride, Ditaloamidoethyl Hydroxypropylmonium Methosulfate (commercially available as Varisoft 238), Dihydrotallowamidoethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Methosulfate (commercially available as Varisoft 110), Ditaloamidoethyl Hydroxyethylmonium Me Tosulfate (commercially available as Varisoft 222), and di (partially cured ethyl ethyl) hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate (commercially available as Armocare EQ-S). Ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, ditallowamidoethyl hydroxypropylmonium methosulfate, dihydrogenated tallowamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, ditallowamidoethyl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate, and di (partially cured) Ethylyl) hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate is a particularly preferred quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant useful herein.
[260] Other suitable quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants are described in MC Publishing Co., McCutcheion's Detergents & Emulsifiers, (North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al., Surface Active Agents, Their Chemistry and Technology, New York; Interscience Publishers, 1949; US Patent No. 3,155,591 (Hilfer; issued 3 November 1964.); US Patent No. 3,929,678 (Laughlin et al., Issued December 30, 1975); US Patent No. 3,959,461 (Bailey et al., Issued May 25, 1976); And US Pat. No. 4,387,090 to Bolich Jr., issued June 7, 1983, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[261] F. Silicone Conditioning Agent
[262] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention may, in some embodiments, comprise a concentration of silicone conditioning agent effective to provide skin and / or hair conditioning benefits. If present, such concentration is from about 0.01 to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1 to about 8%, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 5%, most preferably based on the weight of the antimicrobial composition of interest. About 0.2 to about 3%.
[263] The optional silicone conditioning agent is insoluble in the antimicrobial composition and is preferably nonvolatile. Such silicone conditioning agents are preferably used in the shampoo embodiment of the present invention. Typically, the silicone conditioning agents will be intermixed within the composition to be in the form of dispersed insoluble particles in separate discrete phases, also referred to as droplets. The optional silicone conditioning agent phase may comprise a silicone fluid conditioning agent, such as a silicone fluid, and may contain other components, such as silicone resins (especially high refractive indexes) to improve silicone fluid deposition efficiency or to enhance hair gloss. (Eg, about 1.46 or greater) of silicone conditioning agent (eg, highly phenylated silicone) may be used.
[264] Non-limiting examples of suitable silicone conditioning agents, and any suspending agents for such silicones, are described in US Re-Patent Nos. 34,584, 5,104,646, and 5,106,609, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. It is described in.
[265] Any silicone conditioning agent phase may comprise volatile silicones, nonvolatile silicones or combinations thereof. Typically, where volatile silicones are present, it will be common to use them as solvents or carriers for commercially available non-volatile silicone material components such as silicone gums and resins.
[266] Any silicone hair conditioning agent for use in the antimicrobial composition preferably has a viscosity as measured at 25 ° C., preferably from about 20 to about 2,000,000 centistokes, more preferably from about 1,000 to about 1,800,000 centistokes, even more preferred. Preferably about 50,000 to about 1,500,000 centistokes.
[267] Background materials on silicon, including sections discussing silicone fluids, gums and resins, as well as methods for making silicones, are described in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Volume 15, Second Edition, pp 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1898; Which is incorporated herein by reference.
[268] Optional silicone fluids include silicone oil, which is a flowable silicone material having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of less than 1,000,000 centistokes, preferably about 5 to 1,000,000 centistokes, more preferably about 10 to about 100,000 centistokes. Suitable silicone oils include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers and combinations thereof. Other insoluble nonvolatile silicone fluids with hair conditioning properties can also be used.
[269] Optional silicone oils include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes that conform to Formula I:
[270]
[271] In the above formula,
[272] R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl and R may be substituted or unsubstituted;
[273] x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000.
[274] Suitable unsubstituted R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl, arylalkenyl, alkylamines, and ether substituted, hydroxyl substituted and halogen substituted aliphatic and aryl groups. Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.
[275] Aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain can have any structure, provided that the resulting silicone must be fluid at room temperature, hydrophobic, not only non-irritating or non-toxic when applied to hair, but also not harmful It must be compatible with the other ingredients of the microbial composition, chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, insoluble in the antimicrobial compositions herein, and deposited on the hair and capable of conditioning the hair.
[276] Two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicon unit may represent the same or different groups. Preferably, these two R groups represent the same group.
[277] Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl and alkenyl, more preferably C ₁ -C ₄ , most preferably C ₁ -C ₂ . Aliphatic moieties of other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups such as alkoxy, alkaryl and alkamino may be straight or branched, preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably Has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, even more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, most preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms. As discussed above, its R substituents may also contain amino functional groups, such as alkamino groups, which may be primary, secondary or tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium. These include mono-, di- and tri-alkylamino and alkoxyamino groups, wherein the aliphatic partial chain lengths are preferably as mentioned above. R substituents may also be substituted with other groups such as halogens (eg chlorides, fluorides and bromide), halogenated aliphatic or aryl groups, and hydroxy (eg hydroxy substituted aliphatic groups). Suitable halogenated R groups include, for example, tri-halogenated (preferably fluoro) alkyl groups, for example -R ¹ -C (F) ₃ , wherein R ¹ is C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl. Included. Examples of such polysiloxanes are polymethyl-3,3,3-trifluoropropylsiloxanes.
[278] Suitable R groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl. Preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane, polydiethylsiloxane and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane is particularly preferred. Other suitable R groups are methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy and aryloxy. The three R groups on the end cap on the silicone may represent the same or different groups.
[279] Non-volatile polyalkylsiloxane fluids that may be used are, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are commercially available, for example, from the Viscasil R and SF 96 series from General Electric Company, and from the Dow Corning 200 series from Dow Corning.
[280] Polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used are, for example, polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are commercially available, for example, as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluids from General Electric Company and as 556 cosmetic grade fluids from Dow Corning.
[281] Polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used are, for example, polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxanes (eg Dow Corning DC-1248), but ethylene oxide or a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may be used. Such concentrations of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide should be low enough to prevent solubility in water and compositions thereof.
[282] Suitable alkylamino substituted silicones include compounds that conform to Formula IIa:
[283]
[284] In the above formula,
[285] x and y are integers.
[286] The polymer may also be known as "amodimethicone".
[287] Suitable cationic silicone fluids include compounds of formula III:
[288] (R ₁ ) _a G _3-a -Si-(-OSiG ₂ ) _n -(-OSiG _b (R ₁ ) _2-b ) _m -O-SiG _3-a (R ₁ ) _a
[289] In the above formula,
[290] G is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, hydroxy, C-C alkyl and preferably methyl;
[291] a is 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 0;
[292] b is 0 or 1, preferably 1;
[293] The sum of n + m is 1 to 2,000, preferably 50 to 150, where n can mean a number from 0 to 1,999, preferably 49 to 149 and m is an integer from 1 to 2,000, preferably 1 to 10 May represent;
[294] R ₁ is a monovalent radical corresponding to the formula C _q H _2q L, wherein q is an integer from 2 to 8 and L is of the formula -N (R ₂ ) CH ₂ -CH ₂ -N (R ₂ ) ₂ , -N ( _{R 2) 2, -N (R} 2) 3 a -, -N (R 2) CH 2 -CH 2 -NR 2 H 2 a - group (where, R ₂ is hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, saturated hydrocarbon radical It is selected from the group consisting of, preferably an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; A ^- is a halide ion.
[295] Particularly preferred cationic silicones corresponding to formula III are polymers of the following formula IV known as "trimethylsilylamodimethicone":
[296]
[297] Other silicone cationic polymers that can be used in the antimicrobial compositions are represented by Formula V:
[298]
[299] In the above formula,
[300] R ³ means a monovalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical, for example methyl;
[301] R ₄ means a hydrocarbon radical, preferably a C ₁ -C ₁₈ alkylene radical or a C ₁ -C ₁₈ , more preferably a C ₁ -C ₈ alkyleneoxy radical;
[302] Q ⁻ is a halide ion, preferably chloride;
[303] r means mean statistics 2 to 20, preferably 2 to 8;
[304] s means average statistics 20 to 200, preferably 20 to 50.
[305] Preferred polymers of this class are commercially available from Union Carbide under the trade name "UCAR SILICONE ALE 56".
[306] Any other silicone fluid is an insoluble silicone gum. These gums are polyorganosiloxane materials having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of at least 1,000,000 centistokes. Silicone gums are described in the following references: US Pat. No. 4,152,416; Noll and Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968; and General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76; These full texts are incorporated herein by reference. Such silicon gums typically have a mass molecular weight of greater than about 200,000, generally from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000, specific examples of which include polydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, poly (dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl Siloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymers and mixtures thereof.
[307] Another category of nonvolatile insoluble silicone fluid conditioning agents are high refractive index silicones having a refractive index of at least about 1.46, preferably at least about 1.48, more preferably at least about 1.52 and most preferably at least about 1.55. The refractive index of the polysiloxane fluid will generally be less than about 1.70, typically less than about 1.60. In this context, polysiloxane "fluids" include oils as well as gums.
[308] High refractive index polysiloxane fluids include cyclic polysiloxanes such as the compounds of Formula (I) as well as the compounds of Formula (VI):
[309]
[310] In the above formula,
[311] R is as defined above,
[312] n is about 3 to about 7, preferably 3 to 5.
[313] The high refractive index polysiloxane fluid contains an amount of aryl containing R substituents sufficient to increase the refractive index to the desired level described above. In addition, R and n must be selected such that the material becomes volatile as defined above.
[314] Aryl containing substituents contain substituents containing alicyclic and heterocyclic 5- and 6-membered aryl rings, and fused 5- or 6-membered rings. The aryl ring itself may be substituted or unsubstituted. Substituents include aliphatic substituents, which may include alkoxy substituents, acyl substituents, ketones, halogens (eg, Cl and Br), amines, and the like. Examples of aryl containing groups include substituted and unsubstituted arenes such as phenyl, and phenyl derivatives such as phenyl with C ₁ -C ₅ alkyl or alkenyl substituents such as allylphenyl, methyl phenyl And ethyl phenyl, vinyl phenyl such as styrenyl, and phenyl alkyne such as phenyl C ₂ -C ₄ alkyne. Heterocyclic aryl groups include substituents derived from furan, imidazole, pyrrole, pyridine and the like. Fused aryl ring substituents include, for example, naphthalene, coumarin and purine.
[315] In general, the high refractive index polysiloxane fluid has a degree of substitution of aryl-containing substituents of at least about 15%, preferably at least about 20%, more preferably at least about 25%, even more preferably at least about 35%, most preferred. Preferably at least about 50%. Typically, although not necessarily intended to limit the invention, the degree of aryl substitution will be less than about 90%, more generally less than about 85%, preferably about 55 to about 80%.
[316] The polysiloxane fluids are also characterized by relatively high surface tension as a result of their aryl substitution. In general, the polysiloxane fluids herein will have a surface tension of at least about 24 dynes / cm 2, typically at least about 27 dynes / cm 2. For the purposes of the present invention, surface tension is measured with a de Nouy ring tension meter according to Dow Corning Corporative Test Method CTM 0461 (11/23/1971). The change in surface tension can be measured according to the test method or ASTM method D 1331.
[317] Preferred high refractive index polysiloxane fluids include phenyl or phenyl derivative substituents (preferably phenyl) and alkyl substituents, preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl (most preferably methyl), hydroxy, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylamino [especially , -R ¹ NHR ² NH ₂ , wherein R ¹ and R ² are each independently C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, alkenyl and / or alkoxy. High refractive index polysiloxanes are commercially available from Dow Corning Corporation (Midland, Mich.), Wheels America (Piscataway, NJ) and General Electric Silicons (Waterford, NY). have.
[318] When high refractive index silicones are used in the antidandruff and conditioning shampoo embodiments of the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention, they may be surfaced in an amount sufficient to enhance the gloss (and therefore freshness) of the hair treated with the composition by promoting diffusion. It is preferably used in solution with a diffusing agent (eg silicone resin or surfactant) which reduces the tension. In general, the surface tension of the high refractive index polysiloxane fluid is at least about 5%, preferably at least about 10%, more preferably at least about 15%, even more preferably at least about 20%, most preferably about 25% A sufficient amount of diffusing agent is used to reduce abnormality. Lowering the surface tension of the polysiloxane fluid / diffusing agent mixture can improve hair gloss.
[319] References describing examples of some silicone fluids suitable for use in shampoo compositions include US Pat. No. 2,826,551, US Pat. No. 3,964,500, US Pat. No. 4,364,837, UK Pat. No. 849,433, and Silicon Compounds, Petrarch. Systems, Inc. (1984), the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[320] Silicone resins can be included in the silicone conditioning agent. These resins are highly crosslinked polymeric silicone systems. Such crosslinking is introduced by incorporating tri- and tetra-functional silanes together with mono or bi- or silanes during the preparation of the silicone resin. As is well recognized in the art, the degree of crosslinking required to obtain a silicone resin will vary depending upon the particular silane unit incorporated into such silicone resin. Generally, silicone materials having a level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and thus sufficient levels of crosslinking) sufficient for them to be dried into rigid or rigid films are considered silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms dictates the degree of crosslinking in a particular silicone material. Silicone materials having at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be the silicone resins herein. Preferably, the ratio of oxygen: silicon atoms is at least about 1.2: 1.0. Silanes used in the preparation of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl- and methylvinyl-chlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilanes. Substituted silanes are most commonly used. Preferred resins are provided as GE SS4230 and SS4267 by General Electric. Commercial silicone resins will generally be provided in a dissolved form in low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluids. Silicone resins for use herein must be supplied and incorporated into the compositions of the present invention in such dissolved form, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
[321] Silicone materials and silicone resins can be conveniently identified, in particular, according to the shorthand naming system well known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" designation. Using this system, silicone is described depending on the presence of various siloxane monomer units constituting the silicone. In brief, the symbol M means a monofunctional unit (CH ₃ ) ₃ SiO _0.5 ; D means difunctional unit (CH ₃ ) ₂ SiO; T means trifunctional unit (CH ₃ ) SiO _1.5 ; Q means a Tetrafunctional unit SiO _2. Primes of the unit code, for example M ', D', T 'and Q', mean substituents other than methyl, which must be specifically defined in each case. Typical replacement substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyl, amines, hydroxyl, and the like. Silicone materials by describing the molar ratios of the various units, either as a small number below the above sign indicating the total number (or average thereof) of each type of unit in the silicone, or as a specific indicated ratio together with the molecular weight Naming under the MDTQ system is complete. Higher relative molar ratios of T, Q, T 'and / or Q' to D, D ', M and / or M' in the silicone resin indicate a higher degree of crosslinking. However, as discussed above, the overall degree of crosslinking may be dictated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
[322] Preferred silicone resins for use herein are MQ, MT, MTQ, MDT and MDTQ resins. Thus, the preferred silicone substituent is methyl. Especially preferred are MQ resins having an M: Q ratio of about 0.5: 1 to about 1.5: 1.0 and an average molecular weight of the resin of about 1000 to about 10,000.
[323] The weight ratio of the nonvolatile silicone fluid to the silicone resin component (if used) with a refractive index of 1.46 or less is preferably from about 4: 1 to about 400: 1, in particular the polydimethylsiloxane fluid in which the silicone fluid component is as mentioned above. Or in the case of a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane fluid and polydimethylsiloxane gum, the ratio is preferably about 9: 1 to about 200: 1, more preferably about 19: 1 to about 100: 1. As long as the silicone resin forms part of the same phase as the silicone fluid, ie, the conditioning active in its composition, the sum of the fluid and the resin should be included in determining the level of silicone conditioning agent in the composition.
[324] G. Organic Conditioning Oils
[325] The antimicrobial compositions of the present invention may, in some embodiments, comprise one or more organic conditioning oils alone as a conditioning agent, or a combination of such conditioning oils with other conditioning agents (such as the silicones mentioned above), based on the weight of the composition. , About 0.05 to about 3%, preferably about 0.08 to about 1.5%, more preferably about 0.1 to about 1%.
[326] Such conditioning oils can provide gloss and shine to the hair, enhance fresh hair combing and / or improve dry skin or hair feel.
[327] Organic conditioning oils suitable for use as conditioning agents herein are preferably low viscosity water insoluble liquids selected from hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, fatty esters and mixtures thereof. The viscosity (as measured at 40 ° C.) of such organic conditioning oils is preferably about 1 to about 200 centistokes, more preferably about 1 to about 100 centistokes, and most preferably about 2 to about 50 centistokes. to be.
[328] 1. Hydrocarbon Oil
[329] Organic conditioning oils suitable for use as conditioning agents in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention include hydrocarbon oils having 10 or more carbon atoms, such as cyclic hydrocarbons, straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or unsaturated) and branched aliphatic hydrocarbons (saturated or Unsaturated), including, but not limited to, polymers and mixtures thereof, straight chain hydrocarbon oils are preferably from about C ₁₂ to about C ₁₉ . Branched chain hydrocarbon oils, including hydrocarbon polymers, will typically contain at least 19 carbon atoms.
[330] Specific non-limiting examples of these hydrocarbon oils include paraffin oil, mineral oil, saturated and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane, saturated and unsaturated tetradecane, saturated and unsaturated pentadecane, saturated and unsaturated hexadecane, polybutene, polydecene and Mixtures thereof. Side chain isomers of these compounds as well as longer chain length hydrocarbons may be used, examples of which include highly branched saturated and unsaturated alkanes such as permethyl-substituted isomers such as hexadecane and eicosane. Methyl-substituted isomers such as 2,2,4,4,6,6,8,8-dimethyl-10-methylundecane and 2,2,4,4,6,6-dimethyl-8- Methylnonane (source: Permetyl Corporation). Hydrocarbon polymers are, for example, polybutene and polydecene. Preferred hydrocarbon polymers are polybutenes, for example copolymers of isobutylene with butenes. A commercially available material of this type is L-14 polybutene (Amoco Chemical Corporation).
[331] 2. Polyolefin
[332] Organic conditioning oils for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention may include liquid polyolefins, more preferably liquid poly-α-olefins, most preferably hydrogenated liquid poly-α-olefins. Polyolefins for use herein are prepared by polymerizing C ₄ to about C ₁₄ olefinic monomers, preferably about C ₆ to about C ₁₂ olefinic monomers.
[333] Non-limiting examples of olefinic monomers for use in preparing liquid polyolefins herein include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1- Tetradecenes, branched isomers such as 4-methyl-1-pentene, and mixtures thereof. Suitable for preparing liquid polyolefins are olefin containing refinery feedstocks or emissions. Preferred hydrogenated α-olefin monomers include, but are not limited to, 1-hexene to 1-hexadecene, 1-octene to 1-tetradecene, and mixtures thereof.
[334] 3. Fatty ester
[335] Other organic conditioning oils suitable for use as conditioning agents in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, fatty esters having 10 or more carbon atoms. These fatty esters include esters with hydrocarbyl chains derived from fatty acids or fatty alcohols such as mono-esters, polyhydric alcohol esters, and di- and tri-carboxylic acid esters. Hydrocarbyl radicals of the fatty esters thereof may include or have other miscible functional groups covalently bonded thereto, such as amine and alkoxy moieties (such as ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.).
[336] Suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention include alkyl and alkenyl esters of fatty acids having from about C ₁₀ to about C ₂₂ aliphatic chains; Alkyl and alkenyl fatty alcohol carboxylic esters having C ₁₀ to about C ₂₂ alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohol-derived aliphatic chains; And mixtures thereof. Specific examples of preferred fatty esters include isopropyl isostearate, hexyl laurate, isohexyl laurate, isohexyl palmitate, isopropyl palmitate, decyl oleate, isodecyl oleate, hexadecyl stearate, decyl stearate, Isopropyl isostearate, dihexyldecyl adipate, lauryl lactate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, oleyl stearate, oleyl oleate, oleyl myristate, lauryl acetate, cetyl propionate, And oleyl adipates, but are not limited thereto.
[337] Other fatty esters suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention are mono-carboxylic acid esters of the formula R'OOR, wherein R 'and R are alkyl or alkenyl radicals, and the sum of the carbon atoms in R' and R is at least 10, Preferably 20 or more). Such mono-carboxylic acid esters do not necessarily contain at least one chain having at least 10 carbon atoms, but rather the total number of aliphatic chain carbon atoms must be at least 10. Specific non-limiting examples of mono-carboxylic acid esters are isopropyl myristate, glycol stearate and isopropyl laurate.
[338] Other fatty acid esters suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention include di- and tri-alkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids, such as esters of about C ₄ to about C ₈ dicarboxylic acids (eg, succinic acid, glutaric acid) C ₁ to C ₂₂ esters, preferably C ₁ to about C ₆ esters of acids, adipic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid and octanoic acid. Specific non-limiting examples of di- and tri-alkyl and alkenyl esters of carboxylic acids include isocetyl stearoyl stearate, diisopropyl adipate, and tristearyl citrate.
[339] Other fatty esters suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention are known as polyhydric alcohol esters. Such polyhydric alcohol esters include alkylene glycol esters such as ethylene glycol mono and di-fatty acid esters, diethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol mono- and di-fatty acid esters, propylene glycol mono- and di Fatty acid esters, polypropylene glycol monooleate, polypropylene glycol 2000 monostearate, ethoxylated propylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl mono- and di-fatty acid esters, polyglycerol poly-fatty acid esters, ethoxylated glyceryl monostearate Latex, 1,3-butylene glycol monostearate, 1,3-butylene glycol distearate, polyoxyethylene polyol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters.
[340] Other fatty esters suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, mono-, di- and tri-glycerides, preferably di- and tri-glycerides, most preferably triglycerides. It is not glycerides. Glycerides for use in the antimicrobial compositions described herein are preferably mono-, di- and tri-esters of glycerol and long chain carboxylic acids such as C ₁₀ to C ₂₂ carboxylic acids. Various substances of these types are obtained from vegetable and animal fats and oils such as castor oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil, avocado oil, palm oil, sesame oil, lanolin oil and soybean oil. Can be. Synthetic oils include, but are not limited to, triolein and tristearin glyceryl dilaurate.
[341] Other fatty esters suitable for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the invention are water insoluble synthetic fatty esters. Some preferred synthetic esters conform to Formula IX:
[342]
[343] In the above formula,
[344] R ¹ is a C ₇ to C ₉ alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkenyl group, preferably a saturated alkyl group, more preferably a saturated linear alkyl group;
[345] n is a positive integer 2 to 4, preferably 3;
[346] Y is alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy or carboxy substituted alkyl or alkenyl having about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably about 3 to about 14 carbon atoms.
[347] Other preferred synthetic esters conform to Formula X:
[348]
[349] In the above formula,
[350] R ² is a C ₈ to C ₁₀ alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl or hydroxyalkenyl group, preferably a saturated alkyl group, more preferably a saturated linear alkyl group;
[351] n and Y are as defined in formula (IX) above.
[352] It is believed that the inclusion of synthetic esters can provide an improved moist hair feel, as in the shampoo embodiment, especially when used in combination with cationic polymers (defined below). These synthetic esters improve the moist hair feel by lowering the sticky or excessively conditioned feel of wet hair that has been conditioned by cationic polymers.
[353] Commercial synthetic fatty esters for use in the antimicrobial compositions of the present invention include "P-43" (C ₈ -C ₁₀ triester of trimethylolpropane), "MCP-684" (3,3-diethanol-1,5 Tetraester of pentadiol), MCP 121 (C ₈ -C ₁₀ diester of adipic acid) from Mobil Chemical Company.
[354] H. Other Conditioning Agents
[355] Also suitable for use in the compositions herein are the conditioning agents described by the Procter & Gamble Company in US Pat. Nos. 5,674,478 and 5,750,122, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. to be. Suitable for use herein are US Pat. Nos. 4,529,586 (Clairol), 4,507,280 (Clairol), 4,663,158 (Clairol), 4,197,865 (L'Oreal), 4,217,914 (L'Oreal), 4,381,919 (L'Oreal) and 4,422,853 (L'Oreal), the entirety of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
[356] Some other silicone conditioning agents preferred for use in the compositions of the present invention include "ABIL ^R S 201" (dimethicone / sodium PG-propyldimethicone thiosulfate copolymer) [(Source: (Goldschmid)]; "DC Q2-8220" (Trimethylsilyl amodimethicone) from Goldshmid; "DC 949" (amodimethicone, cetrimonium chloride and trideset-12) (from Dow Corning); "DC 749" (cyclo Methicone and trimethylsiloxysilicate) (source: Dow Corning); "DC 2502" (cetyl dimethicone) (source: Dow Corning); "BC 97/004" and "BC 99/088" (amino functionalized silicone micros) Emulsion) (source: Basildon Chemicals); "GE SME253" and "SM2115-D2" and "SM2658" and "SF1708" (amino functionalized silicon microemulsion) (source: General Electric); Digested meadowfoam seed oil (source: Croda) and US Pat. No. 4,834,767 (GAF Corp.). Silicone conditioning agents (quaternized amino lactams); silicone conditioning agents (reactive silicone emulsions containing amino acids) described in US Pat. No. 5,854,319 (Biosil Technologies); and US Pat. No. 4,898,585 (Dow Silicone conditioning agents (polysiloxanes), all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
[357] I. Polyalkylene Glycol
[358] The antimicrobial composition of the present invention, in some embodiments, especially the hair styling shampoo embodiment, enhances the conditioned feel of the hair, soothes the coated hair feel resulting from the addition of cationic deposition polymers and enhances the styling performance of the hair styling shampoo. And an effective amount of the selected polyalkylene glycol. Effective concentrations of such selected polyethylene glycols range from about 0.025 to about 1.5%, preferably from about 0.05 to about 1.0%, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.5%, based on the weight of the shampoo composition.
[359] Suitable polyalkylene glycols for use in the antimicrobial compositions are characterized by the following formula:
[360]
[361] In the above formula,
[362] R is hydrogen, methyl or a mixture thereof, preferably hydrogen,
[363] n is an integer having an average value of about 1,500 to about 25,000, preferably about 2,500 to about 20,000, more preferably about 3,500 to about 15,000.
[364] When R is hydrogen, these materials are polymers of ethylene oxide, also known as polyethylene oxide, polyoxyethylene, and polyethylene glycol. When R is methyl, these materials are polymers of propylene oxide, also known as polypropylene oxide, polyoxypropylene and polypropylene glycol. It should be appreciated that when R is methyl, there may be various positional isomers of the resulting polymer.
[365] Specific examples of suitable polyethylene glycol polymers include "PEG-14 M" (where R is hydrogen and n has an average of about 14,000) ("PEG-14 M" is commercially available from Union Carbide "POLYOX WSR ^R N-3000"). And "PEG-23 M" (where R is hydrogen and n has an average of about 23,000) ("PEG-23 M" is also known as "POLYOX WSR ^R N-12K", commercially available from Union Carbide). There is).
[366] Suitable polyalkylene polymers include polypropylene glycol and mixed polyethylene / polypropylene glycols.
[367] J. Other Optional Ingredients
[368] The antimicrobial compositions of the present invention, in some embodiments, further comprise additional optional ingredients known or effective for use in hair protection or body care products. The concentration of such optional ingredients generally ranges from 0 to about 25%, more typically from about 0.05 to about 25%, even more typically from about 0.1 to about 15% by weight of the composition. Such optional ingredients are physically and chemically compatible with the essential ingredients described herein and should not excessively compromise product stability, aesthetics or performance.
[369] Non-limiting examples of optional ingredients for use in the antimicrobial compositions include antistatic agents, foam boosters, antidandruff agents other than the antidandruff agents mentioned above, viscosity modifiers and thickeners, pH modifiers (e.g. sodium citrate, citric acid). , Succinic acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate), preservatives (such as DMDM Hydantoin), antimicrobials (such as triclosan or triclocarbon), dyes, organic solvents or diluents, perleic acid, fragrances, fatty alcohols, proteins , Skin active agents, sunscreens, vitamins (e.g., retinoids including retinyl propionate, vitamin E such as tocopherol acetate, vitamin B3 including panthenol, and niacinamide), emulsifiers, and pediculoside.
[370] Any antistatic agent, such as a water insoluble cationic surfactant, may typically be used at a concentration of about 0.1 to about 5% by weight of the composition. Such antistatic agents should not unduly interfere with the performance and final benefits of the use of such antimicrobial compositions, and in particular antistatic agents should not interfere with anionic surfactants. Specific non-limiting examples of suitable antistatic agents are tricetyl methyl ammonium chloride.
[371] Optional foam boosters for use in the antimicrobial compositions described herein include fatty esters such as C ₈ -C ₂₂ mono- and di (C ₁ -C ₅ , especially C ₁ -C ₃ ) alkanol amides. . Specific non-limiting examples of such foam boosters are coconut monoethanolamide, coconut diethanolamide, and mixtures thereof.
[372] Any viscosity modifier and thickener may typically be used in an amount effective to ensure that the overall density of the antimicrobial composition of the present invention is generally from about 1,000 to about 20,000 csk, preferably from about 3,000 to about 10,000 csk. Specific non-limiting examples of such viscosity modifiers and thickeners are sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and mixtures thereof.
[373] Manufacturing method
[374] Antimicrobial compositions of the present invention may be prepared by techniques known or effective for providing an antimicrobial composition, provided that the resulting composition should provide the superior antimicrobial benefits described herein. Methods of making antidandruff and conditioning shampoo embodiments of the present invention include conventional formulation techniques and mixing techniques. Methods such as those described in US Pat. No. 5,837,661, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference, can be used, wherein the antimicrobial agent of the present invention is applied in the same steps as the silicone premix is applied in the '661 patent. will be.
[375] How to use
[376] Topical antimicrobial compositions of the invention can be used directly applied to the skin, or in a conventional manner to clean the skin and hair and to inhibit microbial infections (including fungi, viruses or bacterial infections) on the skin or scalp. Can be. Compositions that are applied directly, such as powders (powders), are used by applying an effective amount thereof, typically about 1 to about 20 g, to the skin, for example the foot. The cleaning compositions herein are useful for cleaning hair and scalp and for cleaning other parts of the body, such as underarms, feet and groin areas, and all areas of the skin that require treatment. An effective amount of a composition, typically about 1 to about 50 g, preferably about 1 to about 20 g, is applied topically to hair, skin or other areas moistened with water, preferably in an amount effective to clean hair, skin or other parts of the body. , Wash. Application to hair typically involves using a shampoo composition on the hair.
[377] Preferred methods for providing antimicrobial (particularly antidandruff) efficacy using the shampoo composition include: (a) wetting the hair with water; (b) applying an effective amount of the antimicrobial shampoo composition to the hair; And (c) washing the antimicrobial shampoo composition from the hair using water. These steps can be repeated as many times as necessary to achieve the desired cleansing, conditioning and antimicrobial / antidandruff efficacy.
[378] It is also contemplated that the antimicrobial composition of the present invention may control hair growth when the antimicrobial active agent used is zinc pyrithione and / or any other hair growth regulator is used. The control method using this shampoo composition includes repeating steps a, b and c above.
[379] It is also contemplated that the compositions herein can be used as leave-on compositions. A method of providing antimicrobial efficacy to skin or hair may comprise (A) applying an effective amount of said shampoo composition to skin or hair; And (B) leaving this product on the hair for a time sufficient to show efficacy. The residual product can then be later washed with water from the hair or brushed off from the hair using conventional instruments or hands.
[380] Example
[381] The compositions of the present invention can be prepared by mixing one or more selected metal ion sources with one or more metal salts of pyrithione in a suitable medium or carrier, or by individually adding the individual components to the skin or hair cleaning composition. Useful carriers are discussed in more detail above.
[382] The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, which is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless stated otherwise, all parts and percentages are by weight and all temperatures are in degrees Celsius.
[383] Example 1:
[384] Combination Effects of ZPT and Metal Ions on the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Metal Ions
[385] Experiments are conducted to investigate the efficacy of the compositions of the invention to inhibit the survival, growth and proliferation of microorganisms in topical compositions. The test microorganism is Malassezia furfur . The test principle used, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), is discussed in the following, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[386] Minimum inhibitory concentrations indicate antifungal activity. In general, the lower the value of the composition, the better its antifungal efficacy because of the increased intrinsic ability of the antidandruff agent to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
[387] Malassezia purpur is grown in a flask containing mDixon medium (E. Gueho et al., Antoinic Leeuwenhoek (1996), no. 69, 337-55; The entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference]. A dilution of the solubilized antimicrobial active agent is then added to test the tube containing the molten Emdicson agar. M. Furfur inoculum is added to each tube of molten agar, the tubes are vortexed and the contents are poured into separate sterile Petri dishes. After incubating the plates, they were subjected to visible M. a. Observation for purpur growth was observed. The lowest test dilution of the antimicrobial active agent that no longer grows is defined as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
[388] Equipment / Reagent
[389] Microorganism: Malassezia Purpur (ATCC 14521),
[390] Erlenmeyer flask: 250 ml,
[391] Agar medium: 9.5 ml Emdicson agar, per active agent tested
[392] Solvent: water, dimethyl sulfonyl oxide ("DMSO"),
[393] Zinc pyridinethione: ZPT with an average particle size of about 2.5 μm, preserved in “DARVAN ™” from Arch,
[394] Test tubes: 2 tubes / antimicrobial active agent / concentrate / active agent tested; Sterile, size = 18mm x 150mm and
[395] Petri dishes: 2 dishes / antimicrobial actives / concentrates / active agents tested; Sterilized, Size = 15mm x 100mm
[396] Experiment process
[397] 1) Malassezia purpur is grown in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 ml "mDIXON" medium until turbid at 320 rpm and 30 ° C.
[398] 2) Select dilutions are prepared using a suitable dilution series of antimicrobial actives or combinations in a solvent that solubilize the sample active prior to addition to the final test agar. The solvent for each concentration of ZPT sample is "DMSO"; The solvent for the other sample is water or “DMSO”, or other suitable solvent.
[399] 3) A 0.25 ml dilution of the antimicrobial active agent is added to a test tube containing 9.5 ml molten “mDIXON” agar (maintained at 45 ° C. in a water bath).
[400] 4) 0.25M m. A purpur inoculum (counted directly to 5 × 10 ⁵ cfu / ml) is added to each test tube of molten agar.
[401] 5) Vortex each tube and pour contents into a separate Petri dish.
[402] 6) After the agar solidifies, the plate is inverted and incubated at 30 ° C. for 5 days.
[403] 7) Then, on the plate, the visible M. Purpur growth was observed.
[404] Table 1 shows M. Experimental results of testing the efficacy of ZPT in combination with several different sources of metal ions on furfur microorganisms are presented.
[405] As shown in Table 1, 50 ppm or more of metal ions alone is required to suppress fungal growth. When ZPT is used alone, 8 ppm is required to inhibit fungal growth. Sub-MIC levels of ZPT are tested in combination with various metals to determine the MIC of the resulting metal ions. As clearly indicated in Table 1, the addition of metal ions acts to agonize ZPT, thereby achieving MIC using sub-MIC levels of ZPT. For example, a combination of 4 ppm ZPT with less than 0.005 ppm copper ions has been shown to achieve MIC. However, no 4 ppm ZPT or 0.005 ppm copper ions will ever achieve their MIC levels alone.
[406] Minimum inhibitory concentration
[407] (MIC) data
[408] Data on Cu ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Hg ²⁺ alone or in combination with ZPTMIC (ppm of metal ions) Exclusive +4 ppm ZPT ^* +2 ppm ZPT ^* +0.5 ppm ZPT ^*Copper ( ²⁺ ) 5000 <0.005 <0.5 5000 Zinc ( ²⁺ ) 5000 5 50 500 Nickel ( ²⁺ ) 500 50 Mercury ( ²⁺ ) 50 5
[409] ^* MIC _ZPT = 8ppm
[410] Example 2
[411] Effect of metal ions on mortality results of zinc pyrithione
[412] Experiments are conducted to investigate the efficacy of the compositions of the invention to inhibit the survival, growth and proliferation of microorganisms in topical compositions. The test microorganism is Malassezia purpur. The test principle used, the Killing Rate Test (KRT), is discussed next, and the results are shown in Tables 2 (a) and 2 (b).
[413] Death rate test (KRT) results indicate antifungal efficacy. In general, the more inhibition of fungal growth in these tests, the better the antifungal efficacy of the compound (s) tested.
[414] Emdicson Juicy Medium [E. Gueho et al., Antoinie Leeuwenhoek (1996), no. 69, 337-55; Incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, is inoculated with Malassezia purpur. A specific concentration of active agent (s) is then added to the flask. The sample is then removed from the flask at a certain point in time, diluted in sterile water and diffused onto the surface of the Emdicson agar plate. After incubation of the plates, the number of colonies present was counted and these numbers were converted to ml of colony forming units (CFU) / emdicone gravy, thereby making them visible. Observation for purpur growth was observed.
[415] The lower the CFU / ml count, the M. The activity of the active agent (s) on the fur is better.
[416] Equipment / Reagent
[417] Microorganism: Malassezia Purpur (ATCC 14521),
[418] Erlenmeyer flasks: 125 ml of sterile and capped; M. There are two flasks for purpur inoculum growth and one flask for each active combination per concentrate.
[419] Solvent: water, dimethyl sulfonyl oxide ("DMSO"),
[420] Gravy medium: 41 g Emdioxone gravy / active combination / concentrate; 42 g Emdioxone gravy / negative control.
[421] Agar medium: 10-15 ml Emdioxone juice / infused plate; 18 plates / active combinations / concentrates,
[422] Zinc pyridinethione: ZPT with an average particle size of about 2.5 mm (Ar) and
[423] Petri dishes: 18 plates / active combinations / concentrates; Sterilized, size = 15 mm x 100 mm.
[424] Experiment process
[425] M. Purpur (ATCC 14521) cultures are made in log phase overnight in two Erlenmeyer flasks (125 ml) each containing 75 ml Emdicson gravy.
[426] 2. Prepare 41.0 g Emdicson gravy in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 0.05 or 0.5% of the metal ions to be tested in combination with ZPT.
[427] 3. 20 g of 500 ppm ZPT are prepared in DMSO by adding 0.010 mg ZPT to 19.990 g DMSO.
[428] 4. Add 1.0 g solution of 500 ppm ZPT to 41 g broth / active agent from step 2 above to give 42 g in each flask.
[429] 5. Prepare 42 g Emdicson gravy in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask (for negative control).
[430] 6. Prepare 41 g Emdicson gravy + 1 g ZPT in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask (for ZPT control).
[431] 7. From log phase culture, 8.0 g m. A greenish inoculum is added to each flask so that the weight of the juice / injection / active agent is 50.0 g.
[432] 8. Perform time zero sampling as follows:
[433] a) recover 1.1 ml of juice from the flask,
[434] b) diffuse 0.1 ml over the surface of the Emdicson agar plate,
[435] c) Samples 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4 and 10-5 are diluted and 0.1 ml of them are spread over the surface of the separate Emdicson agar plate (at 0 and 4 hour time points) In the case of 10-3, 10-4 and 10-5 dilutions),
[436] d) the plates are inverted and incubated at 30 ° C. for 5-7 days,
[437] e) Growth is determined by counting colonies and converting to CFU / ml.
[438] 9. For Mg ²⁺ , Ag ⁺ , Mn ²⁺ , Bi ³⁺ and Na ⁺ , step 8 is repeated at 24 and 48 hour time points. In the case of Zn ²⁺ and Cu ²⁺ , step 8 is repeated at 4, 24 and 48 hours.
[439] Tables 2 (a) and 2 (b) show M. Experimental results of testing the efficacy of a metal ion source in combination with ZPT on furfur microorganisms are presented.
[440] Based on the comparison in Tables 2 (a) and 2 (b), the test results for the tested material should be lower than the negative control at each particular data point to show rapid efficacy. The closer the generated data point is to zero, the faster the efficacy of the tested material is obtained. Thus, from the data presented, it is clear that, for example, copper sulfate 0.05% in combination with 10 ppm ZPT operates more quickly, which is more potent than copper sulfate 0.05% alone or ZPT alone. Thus, the KRT data presented below clearly indicate the enhancement of ZPT by metal ion sources.
[441]
[442]
[443] Examples 3 to 26
[444] Topical Composition
[445] The compositions illustrated in Examples 3 to 26 illustrate, but are not limited to, certain embodiments of topical antimicrobial compositions of the invention.
[446] All the compositions exemplified can be prepared by conventional formulation and mixing techniques. Component amounts are listed as weight percent, excluding traces such as diluents, fillers. Thus, the listed formulations include the listed ingredients and all trace substances associated with those ingredients. As used herein, "trace component" refers to any component such as preservatives, viscosity regulators, pH regulators, fragrances, foam boosters and the like. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the selection of these minor components will vary depending on the physical and chemical characteristics of the particular component selected to make the present invention as described herein. Other variations may be understood by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Exemplary embodiments of the antimicrobial shampoos, antimicrobial styling shampoos, antimicrobial conditioners, antimicrobial rib-on tonics, and antimicrobial foot powder compositions of the present invention provide excellent antimicrobial efficacy.
[447] Examples 3 to 13
[448] Antimicrobial shampoo
[449] Suitable methods for preparing the antimicrobial shampoo compositions described in Examples 3 to 13 are as follows:
[450] About 1/3 of the ammonium laureth sulfate (added as a 25 wt% solution) is added to the jacketed mixture tank and heated to about 60 to about 80 ° C. with gentle shaking to give a surfactant solution. Cocamide MEA and fatty alcohol (if applicable) are added to the tank and dispersed. Salts (e.g. potassium chloride) and pH adjusters (e.g. citric acid, sodium citrate) are added to the tank and dispersed. Ethylene glycol distearate ("EGDS") is added to the mixing vessel and melted. After EGDS is melted and dispersed, a preservative is added to the surfactant solution. The resulting mixture is cooled to about 25 to about 40 ° C. and collected in a processing tank. As a result of this cooling step, EGDS crystallizes to form a crystalline network structure in the product. The remaining ammonium laurate sulfate and other ingredients (including silicon and antimicrobial agents) are added to the processing tank with shaking to give a homogeneous mixture. The cationic polymer is dispersed in water as an aqueous solution of about 0.1 to about 10% and then added to the final mixture. Once all components have been added, additional viscosity and pH adjusters can be added to the mixture as needed to adjust the product viscosity and pH to the desired degree.
[451] weight% ingredient Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Ammonium Lauret-3 Sulfate 9.90 9.90 9.90 9.90 9.90 6.00 Ammonium lauryl 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 10.00 Sulfate Potassium hydroxide 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 Citric acid anhydride 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 Ethylene glycol Distearate 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 Cocamide MEA 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.08 0.80 0.80 Cetyl alcohol 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.80 0.80 0.40 0.00 0.40 0.80 Zinc sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Spices 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 Potassium hydroxide 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 Sodium citrate dianhydride 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Sodium benzoate 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Carton CG 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Zinc pyrithione 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 water Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder
[452] weight % ingredient Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Ammonium Laurate-3-Sulfate 9.90 9.90 9.90 9.90 6.00 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 1.00 Potassium hydroxide 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.86 Citric acid anhydride 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 1.84 Ethylene Glycol Distearate 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.50 Cocamide MEA 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 Cetyl alcohol 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.80 0.80 0.40 0.00 0.80 Zinc sulfate 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 Spices 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 Potassium hydroxide 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 Sodium Citrate Dihydrate 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Sodium benzoate 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Carton CG 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Zinc pyrithione 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 Ketaconazole 0.50 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 water Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder
[453] Examples 14-17
[454] Antimicrobial Styling Shampoo
[455] Suitable methods for preparing the antimicrobial styling shampoo compositions described in Examples 14-17 by conventional formulation and mixing techniques are as follows:
[456] The hair styling polymer must first be dissolved in a volatile carrier. An antimicrobial active agent is then added to the styling polymer / volatile carrier premix. This styling polymer / volatile carrier / antimicrobial active premix can then be added to the surfactant or a portion of such surfactant and to the premix of the solid component heated to melt at about 87 ° C., for example. have. The mixture is then pumped through a high shear mill and the remaining ingredients are mixed therein. Alternatively, after cooling, the styling polymer / volatile carrier / antimicrobial activator premix is added to the final mixture. The composition should have a final viscosity of about 2000 to about 12,000 cps. The viscosity of such compositions can be adjusted using sodium chloride or ammonium xylenesulfonate as needed.
[457] weight % ingredient Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 Ammonium Laurate-3-Sulfate 9.00 9.00 9.00 6.00 Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate 3.00 3.00 3.00 6.00 Spices 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 PEG-14M 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.35 Valent hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (2) 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 Sodium Lauroampoacetate 5.08 5.08 5.08 5.08 Zinc pyrithione 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Dihydrotized tallowamidoethyl Hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate (1) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 TBA / EHM in Isohexadecane 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.70 C10-11 Isoparaffin 1.33 1.33 1.33 1.33 Citric acid anhydride 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.83 Ethyl glycol distearate 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.57 Sodium chloride 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 Dimethicone 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.80 0.00 0.40 0.40 Zinc sulfate 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Polycutterium-10 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 Trihydroxystearin 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 Panthenol 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Pantyl ethyl ether 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 water Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder
[458] (1) Tradename Varisoft 110 [Source: Sherex Chemicals Co. (Dublin, Ohio, USA)]
[459] (2) Trade name Jaguar C-17 from Rhone-Poulenc. (Granbury, New Jersey, USA).
[460] Examples 18-21
[461] Hair conditioning composition
[462] Suitable methods for preparing the antimicrobial hair conditioning compositions described in Examples 18-21 by conventional formulation and mixing techniques are as follows:
[463] When included in the composition, a polymeric material such as polypropylene glycol is dispersed in water at room temperature to form a polymer solution and then heated to 70 ° C. or less. Amidoamine and acid and, if present, ester oils of low melting oils, which are other cationic surfactants, are added to the solution while shaking. The high melting fat compound, and, if present, other low melting oils and benzyl alcohol are then added to the solution with shaking. The mixture thus obtained is cooled down to 60 ° C. and the remaining components such as zinc pyrithione, metal ion source and silicon compound are added with shaking, followed by further cooling to about 30 ° C.
[464] Triblenders and / or grinders may be used in each step if necessary to disperse the material. On the other hand, after cooling to 60 ° C. or lower, 50% or less of the acid can be added.
[465] Embodiments described herein have many advantages. For example, they can provide effective antimicrobial efficacy, in particular antidandruff efficacy, while not only degrading conditioning benefits such as moist hair feel, diffusion, and cleansing, but also providing gloss and fresh combing.
[466] weight % ingredient Example 18 Example 19 Example 20 Example 21 Cyclopentasiloxane 3.57 3.57 3.57 3.57 Stearamidopropyl Dimethylamine 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 Zinc pyrithione 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.50 Panthenol 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Panthenyl Ethyl Ether 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 Cetyl alcohol 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.96 Quarterium-18 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 Stearyl alcohol 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.64 Dimethicone 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 PEG-2M 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.80 0.00 0.40 0.40 Zinc sulfate 0.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 Polysorbate 60 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Cetearyl alcohol 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Benzyl alcohol 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Oleyl alcohol 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Glyceryl Stearate 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Hydroxyethylcellulose 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Spices 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 Citric acid 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 EDTA 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Niacinamide 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 water Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder
[467] Examples 22-25
[468] Antimicrobial Rib-In Hair Tonic
[469] Suitable methods of preparing the antimicrobial rib-in hair tonic compositions described in Examples 22-25 are as follows:
[470] Most of the formula water is added with stirring, carbomer is added and mixed until completely dispersed. Ethanol is added to a separate container, followed by molten PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil and flavoring. Transfer it while shaking to the main mixing tank. Other water soluble ingredients, trace ingredients, zinc pyrithione and metal ions are added. Slowly add styryl silicone and stir. Triethanolamine is added with gentle stirring.
[471] weight % ingredient Example 22 Example 23 Example 24 Example 25 Carbomer 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Triethanolamine 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 ethanol 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 Zinc pyrithione 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 Camphor 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 menthol 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.05 Panthenol 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Pantyl ethyl ether 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.08 Zinc sulfate 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.20 Lactic acid 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 Styryl silicone 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Cetearette-20 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 Spices 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 water Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder
[472] Example 26
[473] Antimicrobial Foot Treatment Powder
[474] The powder composition for treating feet of Example 26 is prepared by thoroughly mixing the above components in a mixing vessel. The powder may then be ground and / or moved as necessary.
[475] ingredient weight % Talc 73.25% Calcium propionate 15.0 Zinc propionate 5.0 Zinc caprylate 5.0 Propionic acid 0.25 Zinc sulfate 0.50 Zinc pyrithione 1.0 100.00
[1] The present invention relates to topical antimicrobial compositions and methods of treating microbial infections on the skin or scalp. Specifically, the present invention relates to methods of treating dandruff and compositions that provide improved antidandruff activity. In particular, the present invention relates to methods and compositions that utilize polyvalent metal salts and metal ion sources of pyrithione.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] Based on the weight of the composition, an antimicrobial active agent selected from the group consisting of polyvalent metal salts of pyrithione, preferably zinc pyrithione (a) 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight;
Based on the weight of the composition, it is selected from the group consisting of zinc salts, copper salts, silver salts, nickel salts, cadmium salts, mercury salts, bismuth salts and mixtures thereof, preferably copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and mixtures thereof A metal ion source (b) selected from the group consisting of 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight; And
A topical carrier, preferably a detergent surfactant, more preferably an anionic detergent surfactant (c) to the antimicrobial active agent and the metal salt, wherein the weight ratio of the metal source to the antimicrobial active agent is about 5: Growth of microorganisms on the skin or scalp, characterized by from 100 to about 5: 1 and at least 50%, preferably at least 99.99%, more preferably 100% of the antimicrobial active agent). Topical composition for the treatment of microorganisms for inhibiting or preventing.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The topical composition according to claim 1, wherein less than 50%, preferably less than 5%, of the polyvalent metal salts dissociate into the free pyrithione in the composition.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The topical composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyvalent metal salt of pyrithione to strong chelating agent is in a ratio of 5 to 1 or more, more preferably free of strong chelating agents.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The topical composition of claim 1, further comprising an additional antimicrobial active agent selected from the group consisting of ketaconazole, itraconazole, coal tar, selenium sulfide, and mixtures thereof.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] 0.1 to about 2 weight percent zinc pyrithione (a) based on the weight of the composition;
Based on the weight of the composition, it is selected from the group consisting of zinc salts, copper salts, silver salts, nickel salts, cadmium salts, mercury salts, bismuth salts, more preferably from the group consisting of copper sulfate, zinc sulfate and mixtures thereof 0.01 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt% of a metal ion source (b) useful for enhancing the efficacy of zinc pyrithione selected; And
c) a topical carrier to the zinc pyrithione and the metal ion source, preferably a detergent surfactant, more preferably an anionic detergent surfactant (c), wherein the weight ratio of the metal source to the antimicrobial active agent Is about 5: 100 to about 5: 1 and at least 50% of zinc pyrithione, preferably at least 99.99%, more preferably 100% is insoluble in the composition). Dandruff composition.
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] Zinc pyrithione (a) from 0.1 to about 5% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 2% by weight, based on the weight of the composition;
Based on the weight of the composition, zinc acetate, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, zinc hydroxide, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc citrate, zinc fluoride, zinc iodide, zinc lactate, zinc oleate, zinc oxalate, zinc phosphate , Zinc propionate, zinc salicylate, zinc selenate, zinc silicate, zinc stearate, zinc sulfide, zinc tannate, zinc tartrate, zinc valerate, zinc gluconate, zinc undecylate, copper disodium sheet Latex, copper triethanolamine, copper carbonate, ammonium cuprous carbonate, cuprous hydroxide, copper chloride, cuprous chloride, copper ethylenediamine complex, copper oxychloride, copper oxychloride, cuprous oxide, copper thiocyanate and mixtures thereof 0.01 to 5% by weight of a metal ion source (b) selected from the group consisting of 0, preferably 0. 1 to 2% by weight;
Topical carriers for the zinc pyrithione and the metal ion source (c); And
Detergent surfactant (d), wherein the weight ratio of said metal source to antimicrobial active agent is from about 5: 100 to about 5: 1 and at least 50%, preferably 100%, of zinc pyrithione is insoluble in the composition. Shampoo composition useful for improving the appearance of the scalp exhibiting dandruff symptoms, characterized in that it comprises a.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] The topical composition according to claim 1, further comprising a solid cosmetic carrier, preferably talc.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended]
A method of treating an athlete's foot, comprising applying a topical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to a foot of a person in need of a foot treatment.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] A safe and effective amount of the composition of claim 1 comprising applying to the skin of a mammal in need of a microbial infection on the skin or scalp, preferably a fungal infection, more preferably a dandruff treatment. A method of treating microbial infections, preferably fungal infections, more preferably dandruff.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] A method of improving the appearance of a hair or a scalp, characterized by topically applying the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to the hair or the scalp in need of an external treatment of the hair or the scalp.

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引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
1999-06-25|Priority to US14119599P

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1999-06-25|Priority to US60/141,195

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2000-06-22|Priority to US09/599,624

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2000-06-22|Priority to US09/599,624

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2000-06-23|Application filed by 아크 캐미컬스 인크, 데이비드 엠 모이어, 더 프록터 앤드 갬블 캄파니

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2002-07-12|Publication of KR20020057808A

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2008-11-25|Application granted

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2008-11-25|Publication of KR100870257B1

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2009-12-03|First worldwide family litigation filed

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US14119599P| true| 1999-06-25|1999-06-25|

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US60/141,195|1999-06-25|

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US09/599,624|2000-06-22|

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US09/599,624|US7026308B1|1999-06-25|2000-06-22|Topical anti-microbial compositions|